Android实现实时通信示例

我们今天来聊下如何做实时通讯（先给知识点，实现原理，最后给出实现实时通信的具体代码--使用工具 android studio）
现在先说下用到的知识点：

1. java的socket包括服务端和客户端,  这个是用来实现通信

2. java的多线程,这个是用来实现实时通信

3. java的线程通信,实现界面实时更新

实现原理

就是将发送端，接收端分别放进一个线程去运行，然后利用线程通信类handler来进行线程间的通信，实现界面的通信

实现代码：

权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE"></uses-permission>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE"></uses-permission>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK"></uses-permission>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

Layout   

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
 android:orientation="vertical"
 xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
 android:id="@+id/activity_main"
 android:layout_width="match_parent"
 android:layout_height="match_parent"
 tools:context="com.ysp.asus.experiment_02.MainActivity"
 android:weightSum="10">
 <Button
   android:layout_width="match_parent"
   android:layout_height="0dp"
   android:layout_weight="1"
   android:background="#03A9F4"
   android:textColor="#FFFFFFFF"
   android:textSize="30sp"
   android:text="IP"
   android:id="@+id/myIP"/>
 <!--点击开始聊天-->
 <LinearLayout
   android:orientation="horizontal"
   android:layout_width="match_parent"
   android:layout_height="0dp"
   android:layout_weight="1"
   android:weightSum="10">
   <!--IP-->
   <EditText
     android:layout_width="match_parent"
     android:layout_height="match_parent"
     android:layout_weight="1"
     android:id="@+id/IP"
     android:hint="请写入对方通讯地址IP"
     />
 </LinearLayout>

<!--显示聊天记录-->
 <EditText
   android:layout_width="match_parent"
   android:layout_height="0dp"
   android:layout_weight="7"
   android:gravity="top"
   android:editable="false"
   android:scrollbars="vertical"
   android:id="@+id/receiveMessage"/>

<!--用于写入发送信息和按钮-->
 <LinearLayout
   android:layout_width="match_parent"
   android:layout_height="0dp"
   android:layout_weight="1">

<EditText
     android:layout_width="0dp"
     android:layout_weight="8"
     android:layout_height="match_parent"
     android:hint="填写要发送的信息"
     android:id="@+id/message"/>
   <Button
     android:layout_width="0dp"
     android:layout_weight="2"
     android:layout_height="match_parent"
     android:text="发送消息"
     android:background="#03A9F4"
     android:textColor="#FFFFFFFF"
     android:id="@+id/sendMessage"/>
 </LinearLayout>

</LinearLayout>

客户端类

package com.ysp.asus.experiment_02;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.net.UnknownHostException;

/**
* Created by asus on 2017/3/16.
*/

public class ChatClient {
 public Socket requestSocket(String host) throws UnknownHostException,IOException{
   Socket socket=new Socket(host,5000);
   return socket;
 }

public void sendMsg(Socket socket,String msg)throws IOException{
   BufferedWriter writer=new BufferedWriter(
       new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream())
   );
   writer.write(msg.replace("\n","")+"\n");
   writer.flush();
 }

public String receiveMsg(Socket socket)throws IOException{
   BufferedReader reader=new BufferedReader(
       new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream())
   );
   String txt=reader.readLine();
   return txt;
 }
}

服务端类

package com.ysp.asus.experiment_02;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.util.Log;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;

/**
* Created by asus on 2017/3/16.
*/

public class ChatServer extends Thread {
 public  ChatServer() throws IOException {
     createSocket();
 }
 public void run(){
   Socket client;
   String txt;
   Log.i("信息","成功开始服务器，端口为："+PORT);
   try{
     while (true){
       client=ResponseSocket();
       while(true){
         txt=ReceiveMsg(client);
         System.out.println(txt);
         Message message1 = new Message();
         message1.obj =txt+"\n";
         com.ysp.asus.experiment_02.MainActivity.handler.sendMessage(message1);
         if(true)
           break;
       }
//        CloseSocket(client);
     }
   }catch (IOException e){

}
 }
 private Handler mHandler = new Handler(){
   public void handleMessage(Message msg) {

};
 };
 public ServerSocket server=null;
 private  int PORT =5000;
 private BufferedWriter writer;
 private BufferedReader reader;

public void createSocket() throws IOException{
   server=new ServerSocket(PORT,100);
 }

public Socket ResponseSocket() throws IOException{
   Socket client =server.accept();
   return client;
 }

public void CloseSocket(Socket socket) throws IOException{
   reader.close();
   socket.close();
   server.close();
 }

public void sendMsg(Socket socket,String string)throws IOException{
   writer=new BufferedWriter(
       new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream())
   );
   writer.write("msg"+string);
   writer.flush();
 }

public String ReceiveMsg(Socket socket) throws IOException{
   reader=new BufferedReader(
       new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream())
   );
       String txt ="对方:"+reader.readLine();
   return txt;
 }

}

MainActivity类

package com.ysp.asus.experiment_02;

import android.content.Context;
import android.net.wifi.WifiInfo;
import android.net.wifi.WifiManager;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.text.ClipboardManager;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.inputmethod.InputMethodManager;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.EditText;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.Socket;

import static com.ysp.asus.experiment_02.R.id.receiveMessage;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
 final ChatServer chatServer=null;
 static String text="";
 static EditText receivemessage=null;
 final ChatClient chatClient = new ChatClient();
 @Override
 protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
   super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
   setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
//    定义相关的变量
    receivemessage=(EditText) findViewById(receiveMessage);
   final EditText message=(EditText)findViewById(R.id.message);
   final EditText IP = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.IP);
   final Button sendmessage = (Button)findViewById(R.id.sendMessage);
   final Button myIP =(Button) findViewById(R.id.myIP);
//    获取wifi下的IP地址并显示
   //获取wifi服务
   WifiManager wifiManager = (WifiManager) getSystemService(Context.WIFI_SERVICE);
   //判断wifi是否开启
   if (!wifiManager.isWifiEnabled()) {
     wifiManager.setWifiEnabled(true);
   }
   WifiInfo wifiInfo = wifiManager.getConnectionInfo();
   int ipAddress = wifiInfo.getIpAddress();
   String ip = intToIp(ipAddress);
   myIP.setText(ip);

//   点击实现复制内容到粘贴板
   myIP.setClickable(true);
   myIP.setOnClickListener(new Button.OnClickListener() {
     public void onClick(View arg0) {
       ClipboardManager cm = (ClipboardManager) getSystemService(Context.CLIPBOARD_SERVICE);
       // 将文本内容放到系统剪贴板里。
       cm.setText(myIP.getText().toString());

}
   });

//    初始化看是服务器
   try{
     ChatServer chatServer=new ChatServer();
     chatServer.start();
   }catch(IOException e){
     Log.e("错误","开启服务器失败");
     e.printStackTrace();
   }
//    点击按钮发送数据给相应的IP地址
   sendmessage.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
     @Override
     public void onClick(View v) {
       HideKeyboard(sendmessage);
       new Thread(new Runnable() {
         @Override
         public void run() {

try {
             Socket socket=chatClient.requestSocket(IP.getText().toString());
             chatClient.sendMsg(socket,message.getText().toString());
             Message message1 = new Message();
             message1.obj ="自己： "+message.getText().toString()+"\n";
             handler.sendMessage(message1);
           }catch (IOException e){
             Log.e("错误","发送失败");
           }
         }
       }).start();

}
   });
 }
 public static Handler handler=new Handler(){
   @Override
   public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
     super.handleMessage(msg);
     Log.i("信息","其他线程发过来："+msg);
     text+=msg.obj.toString();
     receivemessage.setText(text);
     receivemessage.setSelection(receivemessage.getText().length(), receivemessage.getText().length());
   }
 };
//  用于将结果以IP的形式放出
 private String intToIp(int i) {

return (i & 0xFF ) + "." +
       ((i >> 8 ) & 0xFF) + "." +
       ((i >> 16 ) & 0xFF) + "." +
       ( i >> 24 & 0xFF) ;
 }
 //隐藏虚拟键盘
 public static void HideKeyboard(View v)
 {
   InputMethodManager imm = ( InputMethodManager ) v.getContext( ).getSystemService( Context.INPUT_METHOD_SERVICE );
   if ( imm.isActive( ) ) {
     imm.hideSoftInputFromWindow( v.getApplicationWindowToken( ) , 0 );

}
 }

}

效果展示

demo示例下载：http://pan.baidu.com/s/1hr2OiZq

来源：http://blog.csdn.net/qq_28738419/article/details/64923682