python获取全国城市pm2.5、臭氧等空气质量过程解析

随着国家发展，中国很多城市的空气质量其实并不好，国家气象局会有实时统计，但是要去写爬虫爬取是十分麻烦的事情，并且官方网站也会做一些反爬虫措施，所以实现起来比较麻烦，最好的办法就是使用现成的免费接口，空气质量指数分析，这里是笔者自己实现的一个python调用方式

代码如下：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# flake8: noqa
__author__ = 'wukong'

import urllib
from urllib import urlencode

#配置您申请的appKey和openId
app_key="***"
open_id="***"

"""
request_url 请求地址
params 请求参数
method 请求方法

"""
def request_content(request_url,params,method):
params = urlencode(params)

if method and method.lower() =="get":
 f = urllib.urlopen("％s?％s" ％ (request_url, params))
else:
 f = urllib.urlopen(request_url, params)

content = f.read()
print content

def main():

domain="http://api.xiaocongjisuan.com/";
servlet="life/air/analysis"
method="get"
request_url=domain+servlet

#字典
params ={}
params["appKey"]=app_key
params["openId"]=open_id

#变动部分
params["city"]="成都"

request_content(request_url,params,method)

if __name__ == '__main__':
main()

java版的代码可以参考如下代码：

package com.xiaocongjisuan.module.example;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.DataOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;

public class Application {

public static final String DEF_CHATSET = "UTF-8";
 public static final int DEF_CONN_TIMEOUT = 30000;
 public static final int DEF_READ_TIMEOUT = 30000;
 public static String userAgent = "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/29.0.1547.66 Safari/537.36";

//配置您申请的appKey和openId
 public static final String APP_KEY ="yours";
 public static final String OPEN_ID ="yours";

//将map型转为请求参数型
 public static String urlEncode(Map<String,Object> params) {

if(params==null){return "";};

StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
 for (Map.Entry<String,Object> i : params.entrySet()) {
  try {
   sb.append(i.getKey()).append("=").append(URLEncoder.encode(i.getValue()+"","UTF-8")).append("&");
  } catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {
   e.printStackTrace();
  }
 }
 String r=sb.toString();
 if(r.endsWith("&")){
  r = r.substring(0,r.length()-1);
 }
 return r;
 }

/**
 *
 * @param requestUrl 请求地址
 * @param params 请求参数
 * @param method 请求方法
 * @return 请求结果
 * @throws Exception
 */
 public static String requestContent(String requestUrl, Map<String,Object> params,String method) throws Exception {

HttpURLConnection conn = null;
 BufferedReader reader = null;
 String rs = null;
 try {

//组装请求链接
  StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();

if(method!=null&&method.equalsIgnoreCase("get")){
   requestUrl = requestUrl+"?"+urlEncode(params);
  }

//默认get
  URL url = new URL(requestUrl);
  conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
  conn.setRequestMethod("GET");

if(method!=null&&method.equalsIgnoreCase("post")){
    conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
    conn.setDoOutput(true);
    conn.setDoInput(true);
  }

//参数配置
  conn.setRequestProperty("User-agent", userAgent);
  conn.setUseCaches(false);
  conn.setConnectTimeout(DEF_CONN_TIMEOUT);
  conn.setReadTimeout(DEF_READ_TIMEOUT);
  conn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(false);
  conn.connect();

if (params!= null && method.equalsIgnoreCase("post")) {
   try {
    DataOutputStream out = new DataOutputStream(conn.getOutputStream());
    out.writeBytes(urlEncode(params));
   } catch (Exception e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
   }
  }

//读取数据
  InputStream is = conn.getInputStream();
  reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is, DEF_CHATSET));
  String strRead = null;
  while ((strRead = reader.readLine()) != null) {
   sb.append(strRead);
  }
  rs = sb.toString();

} catch (IOException e) {
  e.printStackTrace();
 } finally {
  if (reader != null) {
   reader.close();
  }
  if (conn != null) {
   conn.disconnect();
  }
 }
 return rs;
}

public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{

String domain="http://api.xiaocongjisuan.com/";
 String servlet="life/air/analysis";
 String method="get";

String requestUrl=domain+servlet;
 Map<String,Object> params=new HashMap<String,Object>();
 params.put("appKey",APP_KEY);
 params.put("openId",OPEN_ID);

//变动部分
 params.put("city","成都");

String result=requestContent(requestUrl,params,method);
 System.out.println(result);
}
}

来源：https://www.cnblogs.com/huangxie/p/11656314.html