Django Serializer HiddenField隐藏字段实例

Django rest_framework serializer.HiddenField(default=serializer.CurrentUser())

在用Dajngo RestFramework时， 有时候需要这么一个场景，前端不需要传一个或多个字段，这些字是直接根据用户登录信息判断自动赋值的，如果用mixin和viewset进行搭配写接口，要么重写create, update等方法，要么就是在serializer_class时就定义默认值，而第二种方法明显简单一些。

具体看代码

# 假如我定义了一个serliazer，shop和status都是自动判断后赋值的
# 用HiddenField定义字段，default方法来写具体赋值函数
# default方法是一个类，需要重写set_context的方法
from rest_framework.compat import (
InvalidTimeError, MaxLengthValidator, MaxValueValidator,
MinLengthValidator, MinValueValidator, unicode_repr, unicode_to_repr
)
class CurrentShopDefault(object):
def set_context(self, serializer_field):
 self.shop = serializer_field.context['request'].user.shop

def __call__(self):
 return self.shop

def __repr__(self):
 return unicode_to_repr('％s()' ％ self.__class__.__name__)

class CurrentStatus(object):
def set_context(self, serializer_field):
 user_info = serializer_field.context['request'].user
 if user_info.shop.shop_type == 'SHOP_TYPE_COMCIRCLE':
  self.status = 1
 else:
  self.status = 2

def __call__(self):
 return self.status

def __repr__(self):
 return unicode_to_repr('％s()' ％ self.__class__.__name__)

# 定义serializer
class GameSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
class Meta:
 model = Game
 exclude = ['created_time']

shop = serializers.HiddenField(
 default=CurrentShopDefault()
)
status = serializers.HiddenField(
 default=CurrentStatus()
)

最后在view文件的class里直接指定serializer_class就好了

class GameOpView(mixins.CreateModelMixin, mixins.UpdateModelMixin, mixins.RetrieveModelMixin, mixins.DestroyModelMixin, viewsets.GenericViewSet):
"""
 retrieve:
  获取-游戏详情
 create:
  创建-游戏
 update:
  更新-游戏
 delete:
  删除-游戏
 partial_update:
  更新游戏状态
 total_info:
  游戏数据总览
"""
permission_classes = [IsShop, ]
pagination_class = StandardResultsSetPagination

def get_queryset(self):
 return Game.objects.filter(
  Q(shop=self.request.user.shop) | Q(shop__com_circle=self.request.user.shop))

def get_serializer_class(self):
 if self.action == 'partial_update':
  return GameStatusSerializer
 elif self.action == 'retrieve':
  return GameReadSerializer
 else:
  return GameSerializer

补充知识：drf 中serializers.HiddenField使用方法

class CurrentUser(object):
def set_context(self, serializer_field):
 self.user_obj = serializer_field.context['request'].user

def __call__(self):
 return self.user_obj

class GetObjectFlow(object):
def set_context(self, serializer_field):
 self.object_flow = serializer_field.context['request'].data.get('object_flow') # 这里需要在views中传进去呀，djangocontext上下文中才能取到

def __call__(self):
 return self.object_flow

class AddHolidaySerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer, BaseModelSerializer):
user = serializers.HiddenField(default=CurrentUser()) # 给用户外键赋当前请求的user
object_flow = serializers.HiddenField(default=GetObjectFlow()) # 后端自己处理一些特殊的外键
status = serializers.HiddenField(default=0) # 默认新增时给status赋初值

class Meta:
 model = Holiday
 exclude = ('deleted',)

来源：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_40999403/article/details/81069598