Android实现蓝牙串口通讯

本文实例为大家分享了Android实现蓝牙串口通讯的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下

最近在弄蓝牙串口，参考了不少网上的大佬，加上自己早期对C#的学习，写一个给自己的备忘录，如果有大佬看到还请多多指教。

1.简介

Android设备中提供了一整套蓝牙的API，我这边只取了其中需要的部分。

初期权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" />

1.BluetoothAdapter

BluetoothAdapter是本地蓝牙适配器的对象，是所有蓝牙交互操作的入口。

import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
?
?
private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter = null;
public ArrayList<BluetoothDevice> deviceList = new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
?
?
// 初始化蓝牙
private void BlueInit()
{
?? ?// 获取蓝牙适配器
?? ?mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
?? ?// 请求开启蓝牙
?? ?if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled())?
?? ?{
?? ??? ?Intent enableBtIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
?? ??? ?((Activity)_context).startActivityForResult(enableBtIntent, 1);
?? ?}
}

这里我只获取了已经匹配好的蓝牙模块，Android本身自带搜索匹配蓝牙设备功能。太麻烦了，还有匹配，还要输PIN码。

直接搜索已经匹配的蓝牙模块。

2.BluetoothDevice

表示远程的蓝牙设备可进行远程蓝牙设备的连接请求，以及查询该蓝牙设备的信息，例如名称，地址等。

protected void onResume()?
{
?? ?// 将已配对的设备添加到列表中
?? ?Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();
?? ?deviceList.clear();
?? ?if (pairedDevices.size() > 0)?
?? ?{
?? ??? ?String[] nameList = new String[pairedDevices.size()];
?? ??? ?int i=0;
?? ??? ?for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices)
?? ??? ?{
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?deviceList.add(device);
?? ??? ??? ?nameList[i] = device.getName() + "\n" + device.getAddress();
?? ??? ??? ?i++;
??? ?}
?? ??? ?//创建一个ArrayAdapter
?? ??? ?ArrayAdapter<?> adapter=new ArrayAdapter<Object>((Activity)_context,android.R.layout.simple_expandable_list_item_1,nameList);
?? ??? ?DeviceView.setAdapter(adapter);
?? ??? ?//注册一个元素单击事件监听方法
?? ??? ?DeviceView.setOnItemClickListener(new DeviceClick());
?? ?}
}

然后直接返回给主窗体

//事件按钮触发
public class DeviceClick implements AdapterView.OnItemClickListener?
{
?? ?@Override
?? ?public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> arg0, View view, int position, long id)?
?? ?{
?? ??? ?onConfirmListener.confirm(deviceList.get(position));
?? ?}
??? ??? ?
}
public interface OnConfirmListener?
{
? ? public void confirm(BluetoothDevice device);
}

这里其实用了一个Activity的作为一个Dialog。

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
? ? xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
? ? android:layout_width="match_parent"
? ? android:layout_height="match_parent"
? ? android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
? ? android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
? ? android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin"
? ? android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin"
? ? tools:context="bluetoothtoserial.DeviceActivity" >
?
? ? <ListView
? ? ? ? android:id="@+id/DeviceView"
? ? ? ? android:layout_width="match_parent"
? ? ? ? android:layout_height="match_parent"
? ? ? ? android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
? ? ? ? android:layout_alignParentTop="true" >
? ? </ListView>
</RelativeLayout>

也是方便后面调用

package bluetoothtoserial;
?
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Set;
import android.app.Activity;
import android.app.Dialog;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.AdapterView;
import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
import android.widget.ListView;
?
public class DeviceActivity extends Dialog?
{
?? ?Context _context;
? ? public OnConfirmListener onConfirmListener;
?? ?private ListView DeviceView;
?? ?private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter = null;
?? ?public ArrayList<BluetoothDevice> deviceList = new ArrayList<BluetoothDevice>();
?
?? ?public DeviceActivity(Context context)?
?? ?{
?? ??? ?super(context);
?? ??? ?this._context = context;
?? ??? ?// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
?? ?}
?? ?@Override
?? ?protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)?
?? ?{
?? ??? ?super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
?? ??? ?setContentView(R.layout.activity_device);
?? ??? ?DeviceView = (ListView)findViewById(R.id.DeviceView);
?? ??? ?BlueInit();
?? ??? ?onResume();
?? ?}
?? ?// 初始化蓝牙
?? ?private void BlueInit()
?? ?{
?? ??? ?// 获取蓝牙适配器
?? ??? ?mBluetoothAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();
?? ??? ?// 请求开启蓝牙
?? ??? ?if (!mBluetoothAdapter.isEnabled())?
?? ??? ?{
?? ??? ??? ?Intent enableBtIntent = new Intent(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_REQUEST_ENABLE);
?? ??? ??? ?((Activity)_context).startActivityForResult(enableBtIntent, 1);
?? ??? ?}
?? ?}
?? ?protected void onResume()?
?? ?{
?? ??? ?// 将已配对的设备添加到列表中
?? ??? ?Set<BluetoothDevice> pairedDevices = mBluetoothAdapter.getBondedDevices();
?? ??? ?deviceList.clear();
?? ??? ?if (pairedDevices.size() > 0)?
?? ??? ?{
?? ??? ??? ?String[] nameList = new String[pairedDevices.size()];
?? ??? ??? ?int i=0;
?? ??? ??? ?for (BluetoothDevice device : pairedDevices)
?? ??? ??? ?{
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? deviceList.add(device);
?? ??? ??? ??? ?nameList[i] = device.getName() + "\n" + device.getAddress();
?? ??? ??? ??? ?i++;
?? ??? ??? ?}
?? ??? ??? ?//创建一个ArrayAdapter
?? ??? ??? ?ArrayAdapter<?> adapter=new ArrayAdapter<Object>((Activity)_context,android.R.layout.simple_expandable_list_item_1,nameList);
?? ??? ??? ?DeviceView.setAdapter(adapter);
?? ??? ??? ?//注册一个元素单击事件监听方法
?? ??? ??? ?DeviceView.setOnItemClickListener(new DeviceClick());
?? ??? ?}
?? ?}
?? ?//事件按钮触发
? ?? ?public class DeviceClick implements AdapterView.OnItemClickListener?
? ?? ?{
?? ??? ?@Override
?? ??? ?public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> arg0, View view, int position, long id)?
?? ??? ?{
?? ??? ??? ?onConfirmListener.confirm(deviceList.get(position));
?? ??? ?}
? ?? ??? ?
? ?? ?}
? ?? ?public interface OnConfirmListener?
? ? {
? ? ? ? public void confirm(BluetoothDevice device);
? ? }
}

3.BluetoothSocket

BluetoothSocket 蓝牙的socket接口，与TCP Socket类似，设备添加完成可以开始连接设备。

这里我直接写了一个Session通讯类

package Channel;
?
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.UUID;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice;
import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Message;
?
public class Session extends Thread?
{
?? ?private BluetoothDevice _device = null;
?? ?private BluetoothSocket _socket = null;
?? ?private OutputStream _outStream;
?? ?private InputStream _inStream = null;?
?? ?public boolean IsConnect = false;
?? ?public String Name="";
?? ?public String Address="";
?? ?Handler _handler;
?? ?public Session(BluetoothDevice _device,Handler _handler)
?? ?{
?? ??? ?this._handler = _handler;
?? ??? ?this._device = _device;
?? ??? ?this.Name = this._device.getName();
?? ??? ?this.Address = this._device.getAddress();
?? ??? ?IsConnect = false;
?? ??? ?try?
? ?? ??? ?{
? ?? ??? ? ? ?// 蓝牙串口服务对应的UUID。如使用的是其它蓝牙服务，需更改下面的字符串
? ? ? ? ? ? // UUID MY_UUID = UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB");
? ?? ??? ? ? ?_socket = _device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID.fromString("00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB"));
? ?? ??? ?} catch (Exception e)?
? ?? ??? ?{
? ?? ??? ? ? ?return;
? ?? ??? ?}
?? ?}
?? ?public void connect()
?? ?{
?? ??? ?try?
?? ??? ?{
?? ??? ??? ?_socket.connect();
?? ??? ??? ?_outStream = _socket.getOutputStream();
?? ??? ??? ?_inStream = _socket.getInputStream();
?? ??? ??? ?IsConnect = true;
?? ??? ?}
?? ??? ?catch (IOException e)?
?? ??? ?{
?? ??? ??? ?IsConnect = false;
?? ??? ??? ?try {
?? ??? ??? ??? ?_socket.close();
?? ??? ??? ?} catch (IOException e1)?
?? ??? ??? ?{
?? ??? ??? ?}
? ?? ??? ? ? ?return;
?? ??? ?}
?? ?}
?? ?@Override
?? ?public void run()?
?? ?{ ?
?? ??? ?byte [] buffer = new byte [1024];
?? ??? ?int len = 0;
?? ??? ?while(true)?
?? ??? ?{
?? ??? ??? ? //从InputStream读取
?? ??? ??? ?try?
?? ??? ??? ?{
?? ??? ??? ??? ?len = _inStream.read(buffer);
?? ??? ??? ?} catch (IOException e)?
?? ??? ??? ?{
?? ??? ??? ??? ?continue;
?? ??? ??? ?}
? ? ? ? ? ? if(len> 0)
? ? ? ? ? ? {?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ?Message msg = _handler.obtainMessage();
? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ?msg.what = 0;?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ?try?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ?{
?? ??? ??? ??? ??? ?msg.obj=new String(buffer,"UTF-8");
?? ??? ??? ??? ?} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e)?
? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ?{
?? ??? ??? ??? ?}
? ? ? ? ? ? ?? ?_handler.sendMessage(msg);
? ? ? ? ? ? }
?? ??? ?}
?? ?}
?? ?public void Send(String _value) throws IOException
?? ?{
?? ??? ?_outStream.write(_value.getBytes());
?? ?}
?? ?public void Close() throws IOException
?? ?{
?? ??? ?IsConnect = false;
?? ??? ?_socket.close();
?? ?}
}

接下来就是使用，弹窗选择设备。

public void btnDevice_Click(View v)//选择设备
{
?? ?final DeviceActivity _deviceDialog = new DeviceActivity(this);
?? ?_deviceDialog.onConfirmListener = new ?OnConfirmListener()?
?? ?{
? ? ? ? @Override
? ? ?? ?public void confirm(BluetoothDevice device)
?? ??? ?{
?? ??? ??? ?_device = device;
?? ??? ??? ?txtDevice.setText(device.getName()+"\n"+device.getAddress());
?? ??? ??? ?_deviceDialog.dismiss();
?? ??? ??? ?btnConnect.setText("连接设备");
?? ??? ??? ?btnConnect.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
?? ??? ??? ?btnSend.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
?? ??? ?}
?? ?};
?? ?_deviceDialog.show();
}

选择完设备，建立Session连接设备。

public void btnConnect_Click(View v)//连接设备
{
? ?? ?_session = new Session(_device,_handler);
? ?? ?setTitle(_session.Name);
? ?? ?_session.connect();
? ?? ?if (_session.IsConnect)
? ?? ?{
? ?? ??? ?_session.start();
? ?? ??? ?btnConnect.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
? ?? ??? ?btnSend.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);
? ?? ??? ?btnSend.setText("发送消息");
?? ?}
? ?? ?else
? ?? ?{
? ?? ??? ?Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,
? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?"连接失败",
? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
? ?? ??? ?btnSend.setVisibility(View.INVISIBLE);
?? ?}
}

建立回调函数。

Handler _handler=new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper())
{
? ? @Override
?? ?public void handleMessage(Message msg)
?? ?{
?? ??? ?super.handleMessage(msg);
?? ??? ?edxMessage.setText(edxMessage.getText()+"\n"+msg.obj);
?? ?}
};

发送消息。

public void btnSend_Click(View v)//发送消息
{
? ?? ?try
? ?? ?{
?? ??? ?_session.Send(edxContent.getText().toString());
?? ?} catch (IOException e)?
? ?? ?{
?? ? ? ?Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this,
? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?"发送失败",
? ?? ??? ??? ??? ?Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
?? ?}
}

基本上操作就这些。

来源：https://blog.csdn.net/fjyexu/article/details/120831832