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SpringMVC使用RESTful接口案例详解

作者：学习使我快乐T　　发布时间：2022-08-08 23:41:52　

标签：SpringMVC,SpringBoot,RESTful,接口

一、准备工作

和传统 CRUD 一样，实现对员工信息的增删改查。

①搭建环境

添加相关依赖

web.xml

springmvc.xml

②准备实体类

public class Employee {
private Integer id;
private String lastName;
private String email;
//1 male, 0 female
private Integer gender;
public Integer getId() {
return id;
}
public void setId(Integer id) {
this.id = id;
}
public String getLastName() {
return lastName;
}
public void setLastName(String lastName) {
this.lastName = lastName;
}
public String getEmail() {
return email;
}
public void setEmail(String email) {
this.email = email;
}
public Integer getGender() {
return gender;
}
public void setGender(Integer gender) {
this.gender = gender;
}
public Employee(Integer id, String lastName, String email, Integer
gender) {
super();
this.id = id;
this.lastName = lastName;
this.email = email;
this.gender = gender;
}
public Employee() {
}
}

③准备dao模拟数据

@Repository
public class EmployeeDao {
private static Map<Integer, Employee> employees = null;
static {
employees = new HashMap<Integer, Employee>();
employees.put(1001, new Employee(1001, "E-AA", "aa@163.com", 1));
employees.put(1002, new Employee(1002, "E-BB", "bb@163.com", 1));
employees.put(1003, new Employee(1003, "E-CC", "cc@163.com", 0));
employees.put(1004, new Employee(1004, "E-DD", "dd@163.com", 0));
employees.put(1005, new Employee(1005, "E-EE", "ee@163.com", 1));
}
private static Integer initId = 1006;
public void save(Employee employee) {
if (employee.getId() == null) {
employee.setId(initId++);
}
employees.put(employee.getId(), employee);
}
public Collection<Employee> getAll() {
return employees.values();
}
public Employee get(Integer id) {
return employees.get(id);
}
public void delete(Integer id) {
employees.remove(id);
}
}

二、功能清单

功能 URL地址请求方式
访问首页√ / GET
查询全部数据√ / employee GET
删除√ / employee/2 DELETE
跳转到添加数据页面√ / toAdd GET
执行保存√ / employee POST
跳转到更新数据页面√ / employee/2 GET
执行更新√ / employee PUT

三、具体功能-访问首页

查询所有员工信息-->/employee-->get
跳转到添加页面-->/to/add-->get
新增员工信息-->/employee-->post
跳转到修改页面-->/employee/1-->get
修改员工信息-->/employee-->put
删除员工信息-->/employee--delete

配置默认的servlet处理静态资源

当前工程的web.xml配置的前端控制器DispatcherServlet的url-pattern是/

tomcat的web.xml配置的DefaultServlet的url-pattern也是/

此时，浏览器发送的请求会优先被DispatcherServlet进行处理，但是DispatcherServlet无法处理静态资源

若配置了<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>，此时浏览器发送的所有请求都会被DefaultServlet处理

若配置了<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>和<mvc:annotation-driven />

浏览器发送的请求会先被DispatcherServlet处理，无法处理再交给DefaultServlet处理

web.xml

<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
<init-param>
<param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
<param-value>true</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>

<init-param>

<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

<param-value>classpath:springmvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>

<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>

<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<filter>
<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>

springmvc.xml

<context:component-scan base-package="com.atguigu"/>

<bean id="viewResolver"
class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.view.ThymeleafViewResolver">
<property name="order" value="1"/>
<property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8"/>
<property name="templateEngine">
<bean class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.SpringTemplateEngine">
<property name="templateResolver">
<bean
class="org.thymeleaf.spring5.templateresolver.SpringResourceTemplateResolver">

<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/templates/"/>

<property name="suffix" value=".html"/>
<property name="templateMode" value="HTML5"/>
<property name="characterEncoding" value="UTF-8" />
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>


<mvc:default-servlet-handler />
<mvc:annotation-driven />

<mvc:view-controller path="/" view-name="index"></mvc:view-controller>
<mvc:view-controller path="/to/add" view-name="employee_add"></mvc:view-controller>

employee_add.html

<form th:action="@{/employee}" method="post">
lastName:<input type="text" name="lastName"><br>
email:<input type="text" name="email"><br>
gender:<input type="radio" name="gender" value="1">male
<input type="radio" name="gender" value="0">female<br>
<input type="submit" value="add"><br>
</form>

employee_list.html

<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="text-align:
center;" id="dataTable">
<tr>
<th colspan="5">Employee Info</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th>id</th>
<th>lastName</th>
<th>email</th>
<th>gender</th>
<th>options(<a th:href="@{/to/add}" rel="external nofollow" >add</a>)</th>
</tr>
<tr th:each="employee : ${employeeList}">
<td th:text="${employee.id}"></td>
<td th:text="${employee.lastName}"></td>
<td th:text="${employee.email}"></td>
<td th:text="${employee.gender}"></td>
<td>
<a class="deleteA" @click="deleteEmployee"
th:href="@{'/employee/'+${employee.id}}" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >delete</a>
<a th:href="@{'/employee/'+${employee.id}}" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >update</a>
</td>
</tr>
</table>

<form id="delete_form" method="post">

<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="delete"/>
</form>
<script type="text/javascript" th:src="@{/static/js/vue.js}"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
var vue = new Vue({
el: "#dataTable",
methods: {
//event表示当前事件
deleteEmployee: function (event) {
//通过id获取表单标签
var delete_form = document.getElementById("delete_form");
//将触发事件的超链接的href属性为表单的action属性赋值
delete_form.action = event.target.href;
//提交表单
delete_form.submit();
//阻止超链接的默认跳转行为
event.preventDefault();
}
}
});
</script>

employee_update.html

<form th:action="@{/employee}" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put">
<input type="hidden" name="id" th:value="${employee.id}">
lastName:<input type="text" name="lastName" th:value="${employee.lastName}">
<br>
email:<input type="text" name="email" th:value="${employee.email}"><br>

gender:<input type="radio" name="gender" value="1"
th:field="${employee.gender}">male
<input type="radio" name="gender" value="0"
th:field="${employee.gender}">female<br>
<input type="submit" value="update"><br>

index.html

<h1>index.html</h1>
<a th:href="@{/user}" rel="external nofollow" >查询所有的用户信息</a><br>
<a th:href="@{/user/1}" rel="external nofollow" >查询用户id为1的信息</a><br>
<form th:action="@{/user}" method="post">
<input type="submit" value="添加用户信息">
</form>
<form th:action="@{/user}" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put">
<input type="submit" value="修改用户信息">
</form>
<form th:action="@{/user/5}" method="post">
<input type="hidden" name="_method" value="delete">
<input type="submit" value="删除用户信息">
</form>
<hr>
<a th:href="@{/employee}" rel="external nofollow" >查询所有的员工信息</a><br>

控制器方法

@Controller
public class EmployeeController {
@Autowired
private EmployeeDao employeeDao;
@RequestMapping(value = "/employee", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String getAllEmployee(Model model) {
Collection<Employee> employeeList = employeeDao.getAll();
model.addAttribute("employeeList", employeeList);
return "employee_list";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/employee", method = RequestMethod.POST)
public String addEmployee(Employee employee) {
employeeDao.save(employee);
return "redirect:/employee";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/employee/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET)
public String toUpdate(@PathVariable("id") Integer id, Model model) {
Employee employee = employeeDao.get(id);
model.addAttribute("employee", employee);
return "employee_update";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/employee", method = RequestMethod.PUT)
public String updateEmployee(Employee employee) {
employeeDao.save(employee);
return "redirect:/employee";
}
@RequestMapping(value = "/employee/{id}", method = RequestMethod.DELETE)
public String deleteEmployee(@PathVariable("id") Integer id) {
employeeDao.delete(id);
return "redirect:/employee";
}
}

来源：https://blog.csdn.net/m0_56379670/article/details/127673816

投稿

SpringMVC使用RESTful接口案例详解

一、准备工作

二、功能清单

三、具体功能-访问首页

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