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C#使用DevExpress中的XtraCharts控件实现图表

作者:springsnow  发布时间:2022-12-21 10:14:10 

标签:C#,DevExpress,控件,XtraCharts,插件,实现,图表

一、总体概述

官方文档:

https://docs.devexpress.com/WindowsForms/8117/controls-and-libraries/chart-control

ChartControl控件主要包括Chart Title、Legend、Annotations、Diagram、Series五部分;如图:

C#使用DevExpress中的XtraCharts控件实现图表

C#使用DevExpress中的XtraCharts控件实现图表

C#使用DevExpress中的XtraCharts控件实现图表

二、chartControl层\XYDiagram层

chartControl像DEV的其它控件一样,这一层之相当于是一个壳子,我们平时在这里面设置的属性也不多。而且都是些常规属性,比如大小、停靠方式等等。

XYDiagram这一层就比较关键了,主要是涉及到XY轴的显示方式和滚动条显示等。并且坐标轴的显示方式和数据类型也有很大的关系,主要包括3种类型,数据类型是根据添加到Series中的数据类型决定的,主要属性是ArgumentScaleType。所以涉及到3种不同的设置方式。

1.当坐标轴的数据类型是数字时

C#使用DevExpress中的XtraCharts控件实现图表

C#使用DevExpress中的XtraCharts控件实现图表

C#使用DevExpress中的XtraCharts控件实现图表

2. 当前数据类型是字符串时

其它设置同上,主要是要想出现滚动条,在设计面板中还不能实现,必须通过代码设置

DevExpress.XtraCharts.XYDiagram xyDiagram1 = (XYDiagram)this.chartControl1.Diagram;          
xyDiagram1.AxisX.Range.MaxValueInternal = 3; //这个属性在设计视图里面是看不到的,只有代码里面才可以设置。
xyDiagram1.AxisX.Range.MinValueInternal = -0.5D;

3.当前数据类型是时间

AxisX ax = (XYDiagram)chartControl1.Diagram;
ax.GridSpacingAuto = false;
ax.DateTimeMeasureUnit = DateTimeMeasurementUnit.Minute;//这个可以根据你自己的情况设置
ax.DateTimeGridAlignment = DateTimeMeasurementUnit.Second; //这个是间隔单位
ax.GridSpacing = 10; // 每10秒为一个间隔。

三、实例

1.饼状图

1.1、添加ChartControl控件

在工具箱中找到ChartControl控件,拖到窗口中,创建Pie;

C#使用DevExpress中的XtraCharts控件实现图表

1.2、准备数据

private DataTable CreateChartData()
{
    DataTable dtData = SqlHelper.GetDataSet(sql, parameters).Tables[0];
    DataTable table = new DataTable("Table1");
    table.Columns.Add("Name", typeof(String));
    table.Columns.Add("Value", typeof(Double));
    foreach (DataRow item in dtData.Rows)
    {
        var array = new object[] { item["value_num"], item["count"] };
        table.Rows.Add(array);
    }
    return table;
}

数据可以自定义,返回类型为DataTable即可。

1.3、根据数据创建饼状图

/// <summary>
/// 根据数据创建一个饼状图
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
private void BuilderDevChart()
{
   //清空ChartControl控件
   chartControl1.Series.Clear();
   Series _pieSeries = new Series("学生成绩饼状图", ViewType.Pie);
   _pieSeries.ArgumentDataMember = "Name";  //绑定图表的横坐标  
   _pieSeries.ValueDataMembers[0] = "Value";  //绑定图表的纵坐标坐标
   _pieSeries.DataSource = CreateChartData(CourseID);
   chartControl1.Series.Add(_pieSeries);
   chartControl1.AddTitle("学生成绩饼状图");
   _pieSeries.LegendPointOptions.PointView = PointView.ArgumentAndValues;
   ChartUtils.SetPieNumber(_pieSeries);
}

1.4、设置饼状Series显示方式(值/百分比)

/// <summary>
/// 饼状Series设置成百分比显示
/// </summary>
/// <param name="series">Series</param>
public static void SetPiePercentage(this Series series)
{
   if (series.View is PieSeriesView)
   {
       ((PiePointOptions)series.PointOptions).PercentOptions.ValueAsPercent = true;
       ((PiePointOptions)series.PointOptions).ValueNumericOptions.Format = NumericFormat.Percent;
       ((PiePointOptions)series.PointOptions).ValueNumericOptions.Precision = 0;
   }
}

/// <summary>
/// 饼状Series设置显示格式,是以数字还是百分号显示
/// </summary>
/// <param name="series">Series</param>
public static void SetPieNumber(Series series)
{
   if (series.View is PieSeriesView)
   {
       //设置为值
       ((PiePointOptions)series.PointOptions).PercentOptions.ValueAsPercent = false;
       ((PiePointOptions)series.PointOptions).ValueNumericOptions.Format = NumericFormat.Number;
       ((PiePointOptions)series.PointOptions).ValueNumericOptions.Precision = 0;
   }
}

实现结果:

C#使用DevExpress中的XtraCharts控件实现图表

2.柱状图

2.1、添加ChartControl控件

在工具箱中找到ChartControl控件,拖到窗口中,创建Bar:

C#使用DevExpress中的XtraCharts控件实现图表

2.2、准备数据

/// <summary>
/// 创建数据
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
private DataTable CreateBarData()
{
   string sql = string.Format(@"
                            SELECT c.CollegeName,COUNT(*)
                                    FROM studentmanager.student
                                    LEFT JOIN college AS c ON c.CollegeID=student.CollegeID
                                    GROUP BY c.CollegeID");
   DataSet ds = _db.GetResult(sql);
   if (ds != null)
   {
       DataTable dtData = ds.Tables[0];
       DataTable table = new DataTable("Table1");
       table.Columns.Add("Name", typeof(string));
       table.Columns.Add("Value", typeof(int));
       foreach (DataRow item in dtData.Rows)
       {
           var array = new object[] { item["CollegeName"], item["COUNT(*)"] };
           table.Rows.Add(array);
       }
       return table;
   }
   else
   {
       return null;
   }
}

数据可以自定义,返回类型为DataTable即可。

2.3、根据数据创建柱状图

private void BuilderDevBarChart()
{
   chartControl2.Series.Clear();
   Series _barSeries = new Series("", ViewType.Bar);
   _barSeries.ArgumentDataMember = "Name";//x轴
   _barSeries.ValueDataMembers[0] = "Value";//Y轴
   _barSeries.DataSource = CreateBarData();
   _barSeries.SetColorEach(true);
   chartControl2.Series.Add(_barSeries);

_barSeries.LegendPointOptions.PointView = PointView.ArgumentAndValues;

chartControl2.SetXLableAngle(-35);
   chartControl2.SetCrosshair(true);

chartControl2.Legend.Direction = LegendDirection.LeftToRight;
   chartControl2.Legend.AlignmentHorizontal = LegendAlignmentHorizontal.Center;
   chartControl2.Legend.AlignmentVertical = LegendAlignmentVertical.BottomOutside;
   chartControl2.AddTitle("学院学生数量柱状图");
}

2.4、用到的方法

public static class ChartUtils
{
   /// <summary>
   /// 增加数据筛选
   /// </summary>
   /// <param name="SeriesBase">Series</param>
   /// <param name="columnName">列名称</param>
   /// <param name="value">列名称对应的筛选数值</param>
   /// <param name="dataFilterCondition">DataFilterCondition枚举</param>
   public static void AddDataFilter(this SeriesBase series, string columnName, object value, DataFilterCondition dataFilterCondition)
   {
       series.DataFilters.Add(new DataFilter(columnName, value.GetType().FullName, dataFilterCondition, value));
   }

/// <summary>
   /// 设置X轴Lable角度
   /// </summary>
   /// <param name="chart">ChartControl</param>
   /// <param name="angle">角度</param>
   public static void SetXLableAngle(this ChartControl chart, int angle)
   {
       XYDiagram _xyDiagram = (XYDiagram)chart.Diagram;
       if (_xyDiagram != null)
           _xyDiagram.AxisX.Label.Angle = angle;
   }
   /// <summary>
   ///  设置Y轴Lable角度
   /// </summary>
   /// <param name="chart">ChartControl</param>
   /// <param name="angle">角度</param>
   public static void SetYLableAngle(this ChartControl chart, int angle)
   {
       XYDiagram _xyDiagram = (XYDiagram)chart.Diagram;
       _xyDiagram.AxisY.Label.Angle = angle;
   }

/// <summary>
   /// 设置ColorEach
   /// </summary>
   /// <param name="chart">ChartControl</param>
   /// <param name="colorEach">是否设置成ColorEach</param>
   public static void SetColorEach(this Series series, bool colorEach)
   {
       SeriesViewColorEachSupportBase colorEachView = (SeriesViewColorEachSupportBase)series.View;
       if (colorEachView != null)
       {
           colorEachView.ColorEach = colorEach;
       }
   }

/// <summary>
   /// 设置是否显示十字标线
   /// </summary>
   /// <param name="chart">ChartControl</param>
   /// <param name="crosshair">是否显示十字标线</param>
   public static void SetCrosshair(this ChartControl chart, bool crosshair)
   {
       chart.CrosshairEnabled = crosshair ? DefaultBoolean.True : DefaultBoolean.False;
       chart.CrosshairOptions.ShowArgumentLabels = crosshair;
       chart.CrosshairOptions.ShowArgumentLine = crosshair;
       chart.CrosshairOptions.ShowValueLabels = crosshair;
       chart.CrosshairOptions.ShowValueLine = crosshair;
   }

/// <summary>
   /// 新增ChartControl的Title文字
   /// </summary>
   /// <param name="chart">ChartControl</param>
   /// <param name="title">Title文字</param>
   public static void AddTitle(this ChartControl chart, string title)
   {
       chart.Titles.Clear();  //先清除以前的标题
       ChartTitle _title = new ChartTitle();
       _title.Text = title;
       chart.Titles.Add(_title);
   }

/// <summary>
   /// 饼状Series设置成百分比显示
   /// </summary>
   /// <param name="series">Series</param>
   public static void SetPiePercentage(this Series series)
   {
       if (series.View is PieSeriesView)
       {
           ((PiePointOptions)series.PointOptions).PercentOptions.ValueAsPercent = true;
           ((PiePointOptions)series.PointOptions).ValueNumericOptions.Format = NumericFormat.Percent;
           ((PiePointOptions)series.PointOptions).ValueNumericOptions.Precision = 0;
       }
   }

/// <summary>
   /// 饼状Series设置显示格式,是以数字还是百分号显示
   /// </summary>
   /// <param name="series">Series</param>
   public static void SetPieNumber(Series series)
   {
       if (series.View is PieSeriesView)
       {
           //设置为值
           ((PiePointOptions)series.PointOptions).PercentOptions.ValueAsPercent = false;
           ((PiePointOptions)series.PointOptions).ValueNumericOptions.Format = NumericFormat.Number;
           ((PiePointOptions)series.PointOptions).ValueNumericOptions.Precision = 0;
       }
   }

/// <summary>
   /// ChartControl设置标题
   /// </summary>
   /// <param name="chartControl"></param>
   /// <param name="HTitle"></param>
   public static void SetHZTitle(ref ChartControl chartControl, string HTitle)
   {
       chartControl.Titles.Clear();                    //先清除以前的标题

//横标题设置
       ChartTitle titles = new ChartTitle();            //声明标题

titles.Text = HTitle;                            //名称
       titles.TextColor = System.Drawing.Color.Black;   //颜色
       titles.Indent = 5;                                //设置距离  值越小柱状图就越大
       titles.Font = new Font("Tahoma", 14, FontStyle.Bold);            //设置字体
       titles.Dock = ChartTitleDockStyle.Top;           //设置对齐方式
       titles.Alignment = StringAlignment.Center;       //居中对齐
       chartControl.Titles.Add(titles);                 //添加标题                    
   }
}

实现结果:

C#使用DevExpress中的XtraCharts控件实现图表

四、事件

1、CustomDrawAxisLabel : 接管此事件来获得轴标签。定制轴标签

private void chartControl1_CustomDrawAxisLabel(object sender, CustomDrawAxisLabelEventArgs e)
{
   AxisBase axis = e.Item.Axis;
   if (axis is AxisY || axis is AxisY3D || axis is RadarAxisY)
   {
       double axisValue = (double)e.Item.AxisValue;
       if (axisValue < 0)
       {
           e.Item.TextColor = Color.Red;
       }
       else if (axisValue > 0)
       {
           e.Item.Text = "+" + e.Item.Text;
           e.Item.TextColor = Color.Green;
       }
       else if (axisValue == 0)
       {
           e.Item.Text = "Zero";
       }
   }
}

2、ObjectHotTracked:鼠标指针悬停位置

private void chartControl1_ObjectHotTracked(object sender, HotTrackEventArgs e)
{
   if (e.AdditionalObject is AxisTitle)
   {
       MessageBox.Show(e.AdditionalObject.GetType().ToString());
   }
}

3、CustomDrawSeries :自定义绘制系列

private void chartControl1_CustomDrawSeries(object sender, CustomDrawSeriesEventArgs e)
{
   // Find all Bar Series by their view type,and fill them with Aqua color.
   if (e.Series.View is BarSeriesView)
       e.SeriesDrawOptions.Color = Color.Aqua;

// Find the series by its name,  and change its line style to dash-dot-dot. (Here it's assumed that the series view type is LineSeriesView).
   if (e.Series.Name == "Line Series")
       ((LineDrawOptions)e.SeriesDrawOptions).LineStyle.DashStyle = DevExpress.XtraCharts.DashStyle.DashDotDot;

// Find all Point Series by the type of its DrawOptions, and change their marker kind to diamond.
   if (e.SeriesDrawOptions.GetType() == typeof(PointDrawOptions))
       ((PointDrawOptions)e.SeriesDrawOptions).Marker.Kind =
       MarkerKind.Diamond;
}

4、CustomDrawSeriesPoint:自定义绘制系列点

private void chartControl1_CustomDrawSeriesPoint(object sender, CustomDrawSeriesPointEventArgs e)
{
   // These changes will be applied to Bar Series only.
   BarDrawOptions drawOptions = e.SeriesDrawOptions as BarDrawOptions;
   if (drawOptions == null)
       return;

// Get the fill options for the series point.
   drawOptions.FillStyle.FillMode = DevExpress.XtraCharts.FillMode.Gradient;
   RectangleGradientFillOptions options = drawOptions.FillStyle.Options as RectangleGradientFillOptions;
   if (options == null)
       return;

// Get the value at the current series point.
   double val = e.SeriesPoint[0];
   // If the value is less than 1, hide the point's label.
   if (e.SeriesPoint[0] < 1)
   {
       e.LabelText = "";
   }
   // If the value is less than 2.5, then fill the bar with green colors.
   if (val < 2.5)
   {
       options.Color2 = Color.FromArgb(154, 196, 84);
       drawOptions.Color = Color.FromArgb(81, 137, 3);
       drawOptions.Border.Color = Color.FromArgb(100, 39, 91, 1);
   }
   // ... if the value is less than 5.5, then fill the bar with yellow colors.
   else if (val < 5.5)
   {
       options.Color2 = Color.FromArgb(254, 233, 124);
       drawOptions.Color = Color.FromArgb(249, 170, 15);
       drawOptions.Border.Color = Color.FromArgb(60, 165, 73, 5);
   }
   // ... if the value is greater, then fill the bar with red colors.
   else
   {
       options.Color2 = Color.FromArgb(242, 143, 112);
       drawOptions.Color = Color.FromArgb(199, 57, 12);
       drawOptions.Border.Color = Color.FromArgb(100, 155, 26, 0);
   }
}

五、导出

1、导出为PDF:

图表会被自动拆分,

if (chartControlidx.IsPrintingAvailable) //是否能被打印或输出
  {
    // Exports to a PDF file.
    chartControlidx.ExportToPdf(path);
    // Exports to a stream as PDF.
    System.IO.FileStream pdfStream = new System.IO.FileStream(path, System.IO.FileMode.Create);
    chartControlidx.ExportToPdf(pdfStream);
     //...
     pdfStream.Close();
   }

2、导出为图像文件:

if (chartControlidx.IsPrintingAvailable) //是否能被打印或输出
 {
   // Create an image in the specified format from the chart and save it to the specified path.
   chartControlidx.ExportToImage(path, System.Drawing.Imaging.ImageFormat.Png);   //png格式
 }

六、参考

WinForm使用DecExpress控件中的ChartControl插件绘制图表

来源:https://www.cnblogs.com/springsnow/p/11613579.html

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