python自动查询12306余票并发送邮箱提醒脚本

由于车票难抢，有时需要的车票已经售空，而我们需要捡漏，便可使用这个脚本。

具体实现了，自动查询某一车票的余票数量，当数量产生变化时，将自动发送QQ邮件到对于的邮箱进行提醒。

其中，发送邮箱的部分详情可参考我上一篇博文：Python 发送邮件 (smtp) QQ邮箱

脚本使用了python + selenium + chrome webdriver，需要先配置好三者的环境。

具体使用时候，需自行改变代码中的

邮箱信息、出发站、到达站、车次、日期、以及到相应查询页面中找到对应车票的html id：

在相应查询页面中按F12，弹出开发者模式，点击按钮，再点击对应车票的框，，，复制相应的id号到代码中对应处。

代码如下：

#coding:utf8
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys

import time
from smtplib import SMTP_SSL
from email.header import Header
from email.mime.text import MIMEText

from_station = 'SH'
to_station = 'NJ'
train_num = 'G14'
train_date = '2018-02-14'

ZYid = 'ZY_5l00000G1441' #通过浏览器找到要查询车票的三个id
ZEid = 'ZE_5l00000G1441'
WZid = 'WZ_5l00000G1441'

def send_email(train_date, train_num, one_num, two_num, wz_num): #函数中邮箱信息改为自己的
email_from = "123456@qq.com"
email_to = "654321@qq.com"
hostname = "smtp.qq.com"
login = "123456@qq.com"
password = "xddflwjfkkfkbidf"
subject = "train_tickets"
text = ("日期:％s 车次:％s 一等座:％s 二等座:％s 无座:％s "％(train_date, train_num, one_num, two_num, wz_num))

smtp = SMTP_SSL(hostname)
smtp.login(login, password)

msg = MIMEText(text, "plain", "utf-8")
msg["Subject"] = Header(subject, "utf-8")
msg["from"] = email_from
msg["to"] = email_to

smtp.sendmail(email_from, email_to, msg.as_string())
smtp.quit()

driver = webdriver.Chrome()
driver.get('https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/index/init')

elem = driver.find_element_by_id("fromStationText")
elem.clear()
elem.send_keys(from_station)
elem.send_keys(Keys.ENTER) #写入始发站

elem = driver.find_element_by_id("toStationText")
elem.clear()
elem.send_keys(to_station)
elem.send_keys(Keys.ENTER) #写入终点站

js = "document.getElementById('train_date').removeAttribute('readonly')" #去除日期栏只读属性
driver.execute_script(js)

elem=driver.find_element_by_id("train_date")
elem.clear()
elem.send_keys(train_date) #写入乘车日期
elem.click()

elem=driver.find_element_by_id("dc") #选择单程
elem.click()

elem=driver.find_element_by_id("a_search_ticket") #开始查询
try:
elem.click()  
except Exception:
time.sleep(2)

query_times = 0
onetickets_last = 0
twotickets_last = 0
wztickets_last = 0

time.sleep(2)  
while(1):
query_times = query_times+1
text=""
try:
 driver.find_element_by_id("query_ticket").click() #根据查询键是否可以找到，以判断页面显示正确与否
except Exception:
 driver.refresh()
 time.sleep(5);
 print("bug");
 continue

print("第％d次查询:"％(query_times))
time.sleep(5)

try:
 text = driver.find_element_by_id(ZYid).text
except Exception:
 driver.refresh()
 time.sleep(5);
 print("bug")
 continue
if not(driver.find_element_by_id(ZYid).text):
 driver.find_element_by_id("query_ticket").click()

text = driver.find_element_by_id(ZYid).text #查询一等座余票
if(text == "有" or text == "无"):
 onetickets_now = text
 print("％s 一等座 ： ％s"％(train_num, onetickets_now))
 if(onetickets_now != onetickets_last):
  onetickets_last = onetickets_now
  #send_email(train_date, train_num, onetickets_last, twotickets_last, wztickets_last)
else:
 onetickets_now = text
 print("％s 一等座剩余票数 ： ％s"％(train_num, onetickets_now))
 if(onetickets_now != onetickets_last):
  onetickets_last = onetickets_now
  #send_email(train_date, train_num, onetickets_last, twotickets_last, wztickets_last)

text = driver.find_element_by_id(ZEid).text #查询二等座余票
if(text == "有" or text == "无"):
 twotickets_now = text
 print("％s 二等座 ： ％s"％(train_num, twotickets_now))
 if(twotickets_now != twotickets_last):
  twotickets_last = twotickets_now
  send_email(train_date, train_num, onetickets_last, twotickets_last, wztickets_last)
else:
 twotickets_now = text
 print("％s 二等座剩余票数 ： ％s"％(train_num,twotickets_now))
 if(twotickets_now != twoticketstwotickets_old):
  twotickets_last = twotickets_now
  send_email(train_date, train_num, onetickets_last, twotickets_last, wztickets_last)

text = driver.find_element_by_id(WZid).text #查询无座余票
if(text == "有" or text == "无"):
 wztickets_now = text
 print("％s 无座 ： ％s"％(train_num, wztickets_now))
 if(wztickets_now != wztickets_last):
  wztickets_last = wztickets_now
  send_email(train_date, train_num, onetickets_last, twotickets_last, wztickets_last)
else:
 wztickets_now = text
 print("％s 无座剩余票数 ： ％s"％(train_num, wztickets_now))
 if(wztickets_now != wztickets_last):
  wztickets_last = wztickets_now
  send_email(train_date, train_num, onetickets_last, twotickets_last, wztickets_last)
print("")

来源：https://blog.csdn.net/Meringue_/article/details/79207241