23个很棒的Python脚本集合分享(迷你项目)

1.将 JSON 转换为 CSV

import json
if __name__ == '__main__':
   try:
       with open('input.json', 'r') as f:
           data = json.loads(f.read())

output = ','.join([*data[0]])
       for obj in data:
           output += f'\n{obj["Name"]},{obj["age"]},{obj["birthyear"]}'

with open('output.csv', 'w') as f:
           f.write(output)
   except Exception as ex:
       print(f'Error: {str(ex)}')

2.密码生成器

import random
import string
total = string.ascii_letters + string.digits + string.punctuation
length = 16
password = "".join(random.sample(total, length))
print(password)

3.从多个文件中搜索字符串

import os
text = input("input text : ")
path = input("path : ")
# os.chdir(path)
def getfiles(path):
   f = 0
   os.chdir(path)
   files = os.listdir()
   # print(files)
   for file_name in files:
       abs_path = os.path.abspath(file_name)
       if os.path.isdir(abs_path):
           getfiles(abs_path)
       if os.path.isfile(abs_path):
           f = open(file_name, "r")
           if text in f.read():
               f = 1
               print(text + " found in ")
               final_path = os.path.abspath(file_name)
               print(final_path)
               return True
   if f == 1:
       print(text + " not found! ")
       return False

getfiles(path)

4.从给定网页获取所有链接

import requests as rq
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

url = input("Enter Link: ")
if ("https" or "http") in url:
   data = rq.get(url)
else:
   data = rq.get("https://" + url)
soup = BeautifulSoup(data.text, "html.parser")
links = []
for link in soup.find_all("a"):
   links.append(link.get("href"))

# 将输出写入文件（myLinks.txt）而不是stdout
# 每次都可以将“a”更改为“w”以覆盖文件
with open("myLinks.txt", 'a') as saved:
   print(links[:10], file=saved)

5.图像水印

import os
from PIL import Image

def watermark_photo(input_image_path,watermark_image_path,output_image_path):
   base_image = Image.open(input_image_path)
   watermark = Image.open(watermark_image_path).convert("RGBA")
   # 为图像添加水印
   position = base_image.size
   newsize = (int(position[0]*8/100),int(position[0]*8/100))
   # print(position)
   watermark = watermark.resize(newsize)
   # print(newsize)
   # return watermark

new_position = position[0]-newsize[0]-20,position[1]-newsize[1]-20
   # 创建新的透明图像
   transparent = Image.new(mode='RGBA',size=position,color=(0,0,0,0))
   # 粘贴原始图像
   transparent.paste(base_image,(0,0))
   # 粘贴水印图像
   transparent.paste(watermark,new_position,watermark)
   image_mode = base_image.mode
   print(image_mode)
   if image_mode == 'RGB':
       transparent = transparent.convert(image_mode)
   else:
       transparent = transparent.convert('P')
   transparent.save(output_image_path,optimize=True,quality=100)
   print("Saving"+output_image_path+"...")

folder = input("Enter Folder Path:")
watermark = input("Enter Watermark Path:")
os.chdir(folder)
files = os.listdir(os.getcwd())
print(files)

if not os.path.isdir("output"):
   os.mkdir("output")

c = 1
for f in files:
   if os.path.isfile(os.path.abspath(f)):
       if f.endswith(".png") or f.endswith(".jpg"):
           watermark_photo(f,watermark,"output/"+f)

6.从网页抓取并下载所有图片

from selenium import webdriver
import requests as rq
import os
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import time

# path= E:\web scraping\chromedriver_win32\chromedriver.exe
path = input("Enter Path : ")

url = input("Enter URL : ")

output = "output"

def get_url(path, url):
   driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r"{}".format(path))
   driver.get(url)
   print("loading.....")
   res = driver.execute_script("return document.documentElement.outerHTML")

return res

def get_img_links(res):
   soup = BeautifulSoup(res, "lxml")
   imglinks = soup.find_all("img", src=True)
   return imglinks

def download_img(img_link, index):
   try:
       extensions = [".jpeg", ".jpg", ".png", ".gif"]
       extension = ".jpg"
       for exe in extensions:
           if img_link.find(exe) > 0:
               extension = exe
               break

img_data = rq.get(img_link).content
       with open(output + "\\" + str(index + 1) + extension, "wb+") as f:
           f.write(img_data)

f.close()
   except Exception:
       pass

result = get_url(path, url)
time.sleep(60)
img_links = get_img_links(result)
if not os.path.isdir(output):
   os.mkdir(output)

for index, img_link in enumerate(img_links):
   img_link = img_link["src"]
   print("Downloading...")
   if img_link:
       download_img(img_link, index)
print("Download Complete!!")

7.低电量通知

# pip install psutil
import psutil

battery = psutil.sensors_battery()
plugged = battery.power_plugged
percent = battery.percent

if percent <= 30 and plugged!=True:

# pip install py-notifier
   # pip install win10toast
   from pynotifier import Notification

Notification(
       title="Battery Low",
       description=str(percent) + "％ Battery remain!!",
       duration=5,  # 持续时间（秒）

).send()

8.计算您的年龄

import time
from calendar import isleap

# 判断闰年
def judge_leap_year(year):
   if isleap(year):
       return True
   else:
       return False

# 返回每个月的天数
def month_days(month, leap_year):
   if month in [1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12]:
       return 31
   elif month in [4, 6, 9, 11]:
       return 30
   elif month == 2 and leap_year:
       return 29
   elif month == 2 and (not leap_year):
       return 28

name = input("input your name: ")
age = input("input your age: ")
localtime = time.localtime(time.time())

year = int(age)
month = year * 12 + localtime.tm_mon
day = 0

begin_year = int(localtime.tm_year) - year
end_year = begin_year + year

# 计算天数
for y in range(begin_year, end_year):
   if (judge_leap_year(y)):
       day = day + 366
   else:
       day = day + 365

leap_year = judge_leap_year(localtime.tm_year)
for m in range(1, localtime.tm_mon):
   day = day + month_days(m, leap_year)

day = day + localtime.tm_mday
print("％s's age is ％d years or " ％ (name, year), end="")
print("％d months or ％d days" ％ (month, day))

9.组织不同类别的下载文件夹

import os
import shutil
os.chdir("E:\downloads")
#print(os.getcwd())

#检查目录中的文件数
files = os.listdir()

#扩展名列表（如果需要，可以添加更多）
extentions = {
   "images": [".jpg", ".png", ".jpeg", ".gif"],
   "videos": [".mp4", ".mkv"],
   "musics": [".mp3", ".wav"],
   "zip": [".zip", ".tgz", ".rar", ".tar"],
   "documents": [".pdf", ".docx", ".csv", ".xlsx", ".pptx", ".doc", ".ppt", ".xls"],
   "setup": [".msi", ".exe"],
   "programs": [".py", ".c", ".cpp", ".php", ".C", ".CPP"],
   "design": [".xd", ".psd"]

}

#根据扩展名排序到特定文件夹
def sorting(file):
   keys = list(extentions.keys())
   for key in keys:
       for ext in extentions[key]:
           # print(ext)
           if file.endswith(ext):
               return key

#遍历每个文件
for file in files:
   dist = sorting(file)
   if dist:
       try:
           shutil.move(file, "../download-sorting/" + dist)
       except:
           print(file + " is already exist")
   else:
       try:
           shutil.move(file, "../download-sorting/others")
       except:
           print(file + " is already exist")

10.从CSV文件批量发送电子邮件

import csv
from email.message import EmailMessage
import smtplib

def get_credentials(filepath):
   with open("credentials.txt", "r") as f:
       email_address = f.readline()
       email_pass = f.readline()
   return (email_address, email_pass)

def login(email_address, email_pass, s):
   s.ehlo()
   # 启动TLS以实现安全
   s.starttls()
   s.ehlo()
   # Authentication
   s.login(email_address, email_pass)
   print("login")

def send_mail():
   s = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.gmail.com", 587)
   email_address, email_pass = get_credentials("./credentials.txt")
   login(email_address, email_pass, s)

# 要发送的消息
   subject = "Welcome to Python"
   body = """Python is an interpreted, high-level,
   general-purpose programming language.\n
   Created by Guido van Rossum and first released in 1991,
   Python's design philosophy emphasizes code readability\n
   with its notable use of significant whitespace"""

message = EmailMessage()
   message.set_content(body)
   message['Subject'] = subject

with open("emails.csv", newline="") as csvfile:
       spamreader = csv.reader(csvfile, delimiter=" ", quotechar="|")
       for email in spamreader:
           s.send_message(email_address, email[0], message)
           print("Send To " + email[0])

# 终止会话
   s.quit()
   print("sent")

if __name__ == "__main__":
   send_mail()

11.获取网站的IP地址和主机名

# 获取网站的IP地址和主机名
# importing socket library
import socket

def get_hostname_IP():
   hostname = input("Please enter website address(URL):")
   try:
       print (f'Hostname: {hostname}')
       print (f'IP: {socket.gethostbyname(hostname)}')
   except socket.gaierror as error:
       print (f'Invalid Hostname, error raised is {error}')

get_hostname_IP()

12.终端进度条

from tqdm import tqdm
from PIL import Image
import os
from time import sleep

def Resize_image(size, image):
   if os.path.isfile(image):
       try:
           im = Image.open(image)
           im.thumbnail(size, Image.ANTIALIAS)
           im.save("resize/" + str(image) + ".jpg")
       except Exception as ex:
           print(f"Error: {str(ex)} to {image}")

path = input("Enter Path to images : ")
size = input("Size Height , Width : ")
size = tuple(map(int, size.split(",")))

os.chdir(path)

list_images = os.listdir(path)
if "resize" not in list_images:
   os.mkdir("resize")

for image in tqdm(list_images, desc="Resizing Images"):
   Resize_image(size, image)
   sleep(0.1)
print("Resizing Completed!")

13.无线密码弹出器

import subprocess

data = (
   subprocess.check_output(["netsh", "wlan", "show", "profiles"])
   .decode("utf-8")
   .split("\n")
)
profiles = [i.split(":")[1][1:-1] for i in data if "All User Profile" in i]
for i in profiles:
   results = (
       subprocess
       .check_output(["netsh", "wlan", "show", "profile", i, "key=clear"])
       .decode("utf-8")
       .split("\n")
   )
   results = [b.split(":")[1][1:-1] for b in results if "Key Content" in b]
   try:
       print("{:<30}|  {:<}".format(i, results[0]))
   except IndexError:
       print("{:<30}|  {:<}".format(i, ""))

14.给定网站的快照

import sys
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
import chromedriver_binary

script_name = sys.argv[0]

options = Options()
options.add_argument('--headless')
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)

try:
   url = sys.argv[1]

driver.get(url)
   page_width = driver.execute_script('return document.body.scrollWidth')
   page_height = driver.execute_script('return document.body.scrollHeight')
   driver.set_window_size(page_width, page_height)
   driver.save_screenshot('screenshot.png')
   driver.quit()
   print("SUCCESS")

except IndexError:
   print('Usage: ％s URL' ％ script_name)

15.将文件拆分为块

import sys
import os
import shutil
import pandas as pd

class Split_Files:
   '''
       Class file for split file program
   '''
   def __init__(self, filename, split_number):
       '''
           Getting the file name and the split index
           Initializing the output directory, if present then truncate it.
           Getting the file extension
       '''
       self.file_name = filename
       self.directory = "file_split"
       self.split = int(split_number)
       if os.path.exists(self.directory):
           shutil.rmtree(self.directory)
       os.mkdir(self.directory)
       if self.file_name.endswith('.txt'):
           self.file_extension = '.txt'
       else:
           self.file_extension = '.csv'
       self.file_number = 1

def split_data(self):
       '''
           spliting the input csv/txt file according to the index provided
       '''
       data = pd.read_csv(self.file_name, header=None)
       data.index += 1

split_frame = pd.DataFrame()
       output_file = f"{self.directory}/split_file{self.file_number}{self.file_extension}"

for i in range(1, len(data)+1):
           split_frame = split_frame.append(data.iloc[i-1])
           if i ％ self.split == 0:
               output_file = f"{self.directory}/split_file{self.file_number}{self.file_extension}"
               if self.file_extension == '.txt':
                   split_frame.to_csv(output_file, header=False, index=False, sep=' ')
               else:
                   split_frame.to_csv(output_file, header=False, index=False)
               split_frame.drop(split_frame.index, inplace=True)
               self.file_number += 1
       if not split_frame.empty:
           output_file = f"{self.directory}/split_file{self.file_number}{self.file_extension}"
           split_frame.to_csv(output_file, header=False, index=False)

if __name__ == '__main__':
   file, split_number = sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2]
   sp = Split_Files(file, split_number)
   sp.split_data()

16.加密和解密文本

from Crypto.Cipher import AES
from Crypto import Random
from binascii import b2a_hex
import sys

# 获取明文
plain_text = sys.argv[1]

# 密钥长度必须为16（AES-128）、24（AES-192）或32（AES-256）字节。
key = b'this is a 16 key'

# 生成长度等于AES块大小的不可重复密钥向量
iv = Random.new().read(AES.block_size)

# 使用 key 和 iv 初始化 AES 对象，使用 MODE_CFB 模式
mycipher = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_CFB, iv)

# 将iv（密钥向量）添加到加密密文的开头并一起传输
ciphertext = iv + mycipher.encrypt(plain_text.encode())

# 要解密，请使用key和iv生成新的AES对象
mydecrypt = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_CFB, ciphertext[:16])

# 使用新生成的AES对象解密加密的密文
decrypttext = mydecrypt.decrypt(ciphertext[16:])

file_out = open("encrypted.bin", "wb")
file_out.write(ciphertext[16:])
file_out.close()

print("The key k is: ", key)
print("iv is: ", b2a_hex(ciphertext)[:16])
print("The encrypted data is: ", b2a_hex(ciphertext)[16:])
print("The decrypted data is: ", decrypttext.decode())

17.定期捕获屏幕截图

import os
import argparse
import pyautogui
import time

parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()

parser.add_argument("-p", "--path", help="absolute path to store screenshot.", default=r"./images")
parser.add_argument("-t", "--type", help="h (in hour) or m (in minutes) or s (in seconds)", default='h')
parser.add_argument("-f", "--frequency", help="frequency for taking screenshot per h/m/s.", default=1, type=int)

args = parser.parse_args()

sec = 0.

if args.type == 'h':
   sec = 60 * 60 / args.frequency
elif args.type == 'm':
   sec = 60 / args.frequency

if sec < 1.:
   sec = 1.

if os.path.isdir(args.path) != True:
   os.mkdir(args.path)

try:
   while True:
       t = time.localtime()
       current_time = time.strftime("％H_％M_％S", t)
       file = current_time + ".jpg"
       image = pyautogui.screenshot(os.path.join(args.path,file))
       print(f"{file} saved successfully.\n")
       time.sleep(sec)

except KeyboardInterrupt:
   print("End of script by user interrupt")

18.十进制到二进制转换器

try:
   menu = int(input("Choose an option: \n 1. Decimal to binary \n 2. Binary to decimal\n Option: "))
   if menu < 1 or menu > 2:
       raise ValueError
   if menu == 1:
       dec = int(input("Input your decimal number:\nDecimal: "))
       print("Binary: {}".format(bin(dec)[2:]))
   elif menu == 2:
       binary = input("Input your binary number:\n Binary: ")
       print("Decimal: {}".format(int(binary, 2)))
except ValueError:
   print ("please choose a valid option")

19.CLI 待办事项应用程序

import click

@click.group()
@click.pass_context
def todo(ctx):
   '''Simple CLI Todo App'''
   ctx.ensure_object(dict)
   # 打开todo.txt – 第一行包含最新的ID，其余包含任务和ID
   with open('./todo.txt') as f:
       content = f.readlines()
   # 从 todo.txt 传输数据到 context
   ctx.obj['LATEST'] = int(content[:1][0])
   ctx.obj['TASKS'] = {en.split('```

')[0]:en.split('

```')[1][:-1] for en in content[1:]}

@todo.command()
@click.pass_context
def tasks(ctx):
   '''Display tasks'''
   if ctx.obj['TASKS']:
       click.echo('YOUR TASKS\n**********')
       # 遍历 context 中存储的所有任务
       for i, task in ctx.obj['TASKS'].items():
           click.echo('• ' + task + ' (ID: ' + i + ')')
       click.echo('')
   else:
       click.echo('No tasks yet! Use ADD to add one.\n')

@todo.command()
@click.pass_context
@click.option('-add', '--add_task', prompt='Enter task to add')
def add(ctx, add_task):
   '''Add a task'''
   if add_task:
       #Add task to list in context
       ctx.obj['TASKS'][ctx.obj['LATEST']] = add_task
       click.echo('Added task "' + add_task + '" with ID ' + str(ctx.obj['LATEST']))
       # 打开todo.txt and write current index and tasks with IDs (separated by " ```
{％ endraw ％}
")
       curr_ind = [str(ctx.obj['LATEST'] + 1)]
       tasks = [str(i) + '
{％ raw ％}
```' + t for (i, t) in ctx.obj['TASKS'].items()]
       with open('./todo.txt', 'w') as f:
           f.writelines(['％s\n' ％ en for en in curr_ind + tasks])

@todo.command()
@click.pass_context
@click.option('-fin', '--fin_taskid', prompt='Enter ID of task to finish', type=int)
def done(ctx, fin_taskid):
   '''Delete a task by ID'''
   # 查找具有关联ID的任务
   if str(fin_taskid) in ctx.obj['TASKS'].keys():
       task = ctx.obj['TASKS'][str(fin_taskid)]
       # 从上下文中的任务列表中删除任务
       del ctx.obj['TASKS'][str(fin_taskid)]
       click.echo('Finished and removed task "' + task + '" with id ' + str(fin_taskid))
       # 打开todo.txt and 使用ID写入当前索引和任务 (separated by " ```
{％ endraw ％}
")
       if ctx.obj['TASKS']:
           curr_ind = [str(ctx.obj['LATEST'] + 1)]
           tasks = [str(i) + '
{％ raw ％}
```' + t for (i, t) in ctx.obj['TASKS'].items()]
           with open('./todo.txt', 'w') as f:
               f.writelines(['％s\n' ％ en for en in curr_ind + tasks])
       else:
           # 如果列表为空，则将ID * 重置为0
           with open('./todo.txt', 'w') as f:
               f.writelines([str(0) + '\n'])
   else:
       click.echo('Error: no task with id ' + str(fin_taskid))

if __name__ == '__main__':
   todo()

20.货币转换器

import requests
import json
import sys
from pprint import pprint

url = "http://data.fixer.io/api/latest?access_key=33ec7c73f8a4eb6b9b5b5f95118b2275"
data = requests.get(url).text
data2 = json.loads(data) #带来请求是否成功、时间戳等
fx = data2["rates"]

currencies = [
   "AED : Emirati Dirham,United Arab Emirates Dirham",
   "AFN : Afghan Afghani,Afghanistan Afghani",
   "ALL : Albanian Lek,Albania Lek",
   "AMD : Armenian Dram,Armenia Dram",
   "ANG : Dutch Guilder,Netherlands Antilles Guilder,Bonaire,Cura&#231;ao,Saba,Sint Eustatius,Sint Maarten",
   "AOA : Angolan Kwanza,Angola Kwanza",
   "ARS : Argentine Peso,Argentina Peso,Islas Malvinas",
   "AUD : Australian Dollar,Australia Dollar,Christmas Island,Cocos (Keeling) Islands,Norfolk Island,Ashmore and Cartier Islands,Australian Antarctic Territory,Coral Sea Islands,Heard Island,McDonald Islands,Kiribati,Nauru",
   "AWG : Aruban or Dutch Guilder,Aruba Guilder",
   "AZN : Azerbaijan Manat,Azerbaijan Manat",
   "BAM : Bosnian Convertible Mark,Bosnia and Herzegovina Convertible Mark",
   "BBD : Barbadian or Bajan Dollar,Barbados Dollar",
   "BDT : Bangladeshi Taka,Bangladesh Taka",
   "BGN : Bulgarian Lev,Bulgaria Lev",
   "BHD : Bahraini Dinar,Bahrain Dinar",
   "BIF : Burundian Franc,Burundi Franc",
   "BMD : Bermudian Dollar,Bermuda Dollar",
   "BND : Bruneian Dollar,Brunei Darussalam Dollar",
   "BOB : Bolivian Bol&#237;viano,Bolivia Bol&#237;viano",
   "BRL : Brazilian Real,Brazil Real",
   "BSD : Bahamian Dollar,Bahamas Dollar",
   "BTC : Bitcoin,BTC, XBT",
   "BTN : Bhutanese Ngultrum,Bhutan Ngultrum",
   "BWP : Botswana Pula,Botswana Pula",
   "BYN : Belarusian Ruble,Belarus Ruble",
   "BYR : Belarusian Ruble,Belarus Ruble",
   "BZD : Belizean Dollar,Belize Dollar",
   "CAD : Canadian Dollar,Canada Dollar",
   "CDF : Congolese Franc,Congo/Kinshasa Franc",
   "CHF : Swiss Franc,Switzerland Franc,Liechtenstein,Campione d&#039;Italia,B&#252;singen am Hochrhein",
   "CLF : Chilean Unit of Account",
   "CLP : Chilean Peso,Chile Peso",
   "CNY : Chinese Yuan Renminbi,China Yuan Renminbi",
   "COP : Colombian Peso,Colombia Peso",
   "CRC : Costa Rican Colon,Costa Rica Colon",
   "CUC : Cuban Convertible Peso,Cuba Convertible Peso",
   "CUP : Cuban Peso,Cuba Peso",
   "CVE : Cape Verdean Escudo,Cape Verde Escudo",
   "CZK : Czech Koruna,Czech Republic Koruna",
   "DJF : Djiboutian Franc,Djibouti Franc",
   "DKK : Danish Krone,Denmark Krone,Faroe Islands,Greenland",
   "DOP : Dominican Peso,Dominican Republic Peso",
   "DZD : Algerian Dinar,Algeria Dinar",
   "EGP : Egyptian Pound,Egypt Pound,Gaza Strip",
   "ERN : Eritrean Nakfa,Eritrea Nakfa",
   "ETB : Ethiopian Birr,Ethiopia Birr,Eritrea",
   "EUR : Euro,Euro Member Countries,Andorra,Austria,Azores,Baleares (Balearic Islands),Belgium,Canary Islands,Cyprus,Finland,France,French Guiana,French Southern Territories,Germany,Greece,Guadeloupe,Holland (Netherlands),Holy See (Vatican City),Ireland (Eire),Italy,Luxembourg,Madeira Islands,Malta,Monaco,Montenegro,Netherlands",
   "FJD : Fijian Dollar,Fiji Dollar",
   "FKP : Falkland Island Pound,Falkland Islands (Malvinas) Pound",
   "GBP : British Pound,United Kingdom Pound,United Kingdom (UK),England,Northern Ireland,Scotland,Wales,Falkland Islands,Gibraltar,Guernsey,Isle of Man,Jersey,Saint Helena and Ascension,South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands,Tristan da Cunha",
   "GEL : Georgian Lari,Georgia Lari",
   "GGP : Guernsey Pound,Guernsey Pound",
   "GHS : Ghanaian Cedi,Ghana Cedi",
   "GIP : Gibraltar Pound,Gibraltar Pound",
   "GMD : Gambian Dalasi,Gambia Dalasi",
   "GNF : Guinean Franc,Guinea Franc",
   "GTQ : Guatemalan Quetzal,Guatemala Quetzal",
   "GYD : Guyanese Dollar,Guyana Dollar",
   "HKD : Hong Kong Dollar,Hong Kong Dollar",
   "HNL : Honduran Lempira,Honduras Lempira",
   "HRK : Croatian Kuna,Croatia Kuna",
   "HTG : Haitian Gourde,Haiti Gourde",
   "HUF : Hungarian Forint,Hungary Forint",
   "IDR : Indonesian Rupiah,Indonesia Rupiah,East Timor",
   "ILS : Israeli Shekel,Israel Shekel,Palestinian Territories",
   "IMP : Isle of Man Pound,Isle of Man Pound",
   "INR : Indian Rupee,India Rupee,Bhutan,Nepal",
   "IQD : Iraqi Dinar,Iraq Dinar",
   "IRR : Iranian Rial,Iran Rial",
   "ISK : Icelandic Krona,Iceland Krona",
   "JEP : Jersey Pound,Jersey Pound",
   "JMD : Jamaican Dollar,Jamaica Dollar",
   "JOD : Jordanian Dinar,Jordan Dinar",
   "JPY : Japanese Yen,Japan Yen",
   "KES : Kenyan Shilling,Kenya Shilling",
   "KGS : Kyrgyzstani Som,Kyrgyzstan Som",
   "KHR : Cambodian Riel,Cambodia Riel",
   "KMF : Comorian Franc,Comorian Franc",
   "KPW : North Korean Won,Korea (North) Won",
   "KRW : South Korean Won,Korea (South) Won",
   "KWD : Kuwaiti Dinar,Kuwait Dinar",
   "KYD : Caymanian Dollar,Cayman Islands Dollar",
   "KZT : Kazakhstani Tenge,Kazakhstan Tenge",
   "LAK : Lao Kip,Laos Kip",
   "LBP : Lebanese Pound,Lebanon Pound",
   "LKR : Sri Lankan Rupee,Sri Lanka Rupee",
   "LRD : Liberian Dollar,Liberia Dollar",
   "LSL : Basotho Loti,Lesotho Loti",
   "LTL : Lithuanian litas",
   "LVL : Latvia Lats",
   "LYD : Libyan Dinar,Libya Dinar",
   "MAD : Moroccan Dirham,Morocco Dirham,Western Sahara",
   "MDL : Moldovan Leu,Moldova Leu",
   "MGA : Malagasy Ariary,Madagascar Ariary",
   "MKD : Macedonian Denar,Macedonia Denar",
   "MMK : Burmese Kyat,Myanmar (Burma) Kyat",
   "MNT : Mongolian Tughrik,Mongolia Tughrik",
   "MOP : Macau Pataca,Macau Pataca",
   "MRU : Mauritanian Ouguiya,Mauritania Ouguiya",
   "MUR : Mauritian Rupee,Mauritius Rupee",
   "MVR : Maldivian Rufiyaa,Maldives (Maldive Islands) Rufiyaa",
   "MWK : Malawian Kwacha,Malawi Kwacha",
   "MXN : Mexican Peso,Mexico Peso",
   "MYR : Malaysian Ringgit,Malaysia Ringgit",
   "MZN : Mozambican Metical,Mozambique Metical",
   "NAD : Namibian Dollar,Namibia Dollar",
   "NGN : Nigerian Naira,Nigeria Naira",
   "NIO : Nicaraguan Cordoba,Nicaragua Cordoba",
   "NOK : Norwegian Krone,Norway Krone,Bouvet Island,Svalbard,Jan Mayen,Queen Maud Land,Peter I Island",
   "NPR : Nepalese Rupee,Nepal Rupee,India (unofficially near India-Nepal border)",
   "NZD : New Zealand Dollar,New Zealand Dollar,Cook Islands,Niue,Pitcairn Islands,Tokelau",
   "OMR : Omani Rial,Oman Rial",
   "PAB : Panamanian Balboa,Panama Balboa",
   "PEN : Peruvian Sol,Peru Sol",
   "PGK : Papua New Guinean Kina,Papua New Guinea Kina",
   "PHP : Philippine Peso,Philippines Peso",
   "PKR : Pakistani Rupee,Pakistan Rupee",
   "PLN : Polish Zloty,Poland Zloty",
   "PYG : Paraguayan Guarani,Paraguay Guarani",
   "QAR : Qatari Riyal,Qatar Riyal",
   "RON : Romanian Leu,Romania Leu",
   "RSD : Serbian Dinar,Serbia Dinar",
   "RUB : Russian Ruble,Russia Ruble,Tajikistan,Abkhazia,South Ossetia",
   "RWF : Rwandan Franc,Rwanda Franc",
   "SAR : Saudi Arabian Riyal,Saudi Arabia Riyal",
   "SBD : Solomon Islander Dollar,Solomon Islands Dollar",
   "SCR : Seychellois Rupee,Seychelles Rupee",
   "SDG : Sudanese Pound,Sudan Pound",
   "SEK : Swedish Krona,Sweden Krona",
   "SGD : Singapore Dollar,Singapore Dollar",
   "SHP : Saint Helenian Pound,Saint Helena Pound",
   "SLL : Sierra Leonean Leone,Sierra Leone Leone",
   "SOS : Somali Shilling,Somalia Shilling",
   "SRD : Surinamese Dollar,Suriname Dollar",
   "STN : Sao Tomean Dobra,S&#227;o Tom&#233; and Pr&#237;ncipe Dobra",
   "SVC : Salvadoran Colon,El Salvador Colon",
   "SYP : Syrian Pound,Syria Pound",
   "SZL : Swazi Lilangeni,eSwatini Lilangeni",
   "THB : Thai Baht,Thailand Baht",
   "TJS : Tajikistani Somoni,Tajikistan Somoni",
   "TMT : Turkmenistani Manat,Turkmenistan Manat",
   "TND : Tunisian Dinar,Tunisia Dinar",
   "TOP : Tongan Pa&#039;anga,Tonga Pa&#039;anga",
   "TRY : Turkish Lira,Turkey Lira,North Cyprus",
   "TTD : Trinidadian Dollar,Trinidad and Tobago Dollar,Trinidad,Tobago",
   "TWD : Taiwan New Dollar,Taiwan New Dollar",
   "TZS : Tanzanian Shilling,Tanzania Shilling",
   "UAH : Ukrainian Hryvnia,Ukraine Hryvnia",
   "UGX : Ugandan Shilling,Uganda Shilling",
   "USD : US Dollar,United States Dollar,America,American Samoa,American Virgin Islands,British Indian Ocean Territory,British Virgin Islands,Ecuador,El Salvador,Guam,Haiti,Micronesia,Northern Mariana Islands,Palau,Panama,Puerto Rico,Turks and Caicos Islands,United States Minor Outlying Islands,Wake Island,East Timor",
   "UYU : Uruguayan Peso,Uruguay Peso",
   "UZS : Uzbekistani Som,Uzbekistan Som",
   "VEF : Venezuelan Bol&#237;var,Venezuela Bol&#237;var",
   "VND : Vietnamese Dong,Viet Nam Dong",
   "VUV : Ni-Vanuatu Vatu,Vanuatu Vatu",
   "WST : Samoan Tala,Samoa Tala",
   "XAF : Central African CFA Franc BEAC,Communaut&#233; Financi&#232;re Africaine (BEAC) CFA Franc BEAC,Cameroon,Central African Republic,Chad,Congo/Brazzaville,Equatorial Guinea,Gabon",
   "XAG : Silver Ounce,Silver",
   "XAU : Gold Ounce,Gold",
   "XCD : East Caribbean Dollar,East Caribbean Dollar,Anguilla,Antigua and Barbuda,Dominica,Grenada,The Grenadines and Saint Vincent,Montserrat",
   "XDR : IMF Special Drawing Rights,International Monetary Fund (IMF) Special Drawing Rights",
   "XOF : CFA Franc,Communaut&#233; Financi&#232;re Africaine (BCEAO) Franc,Benin,Burkina Faso,Ivory Coast,Guinea-Bissau,Mali,Niger,Senegal,Togo",
   "XPF : CFP Franc,Comptoirs Fran&#231;ais du Pacifique (CFP) Franc,French Polynesia,New Caledonia,Wallis and Futuna Islands",
   "YER : Yemeni Rial,Yemen Rial",
   "ZAR : South African Rand,South Africa Rand,Lesotho,Namibia",
   "ZMK : Zambian Kwacha,Zambia Kwacha",
   "ZMW : Zambian Kwacha,Zambia Kwacha",
   "ZWL : Zimbabwean Dollar,Zimbabwe Dollar",
]

# 以下函数计算实际转换
def function1():
   query = input(
       "Please specify the amount of currency to convert, from currency, to currency (with space in between).\nPress SHOW to see list of currencies available. \nPress Q to quit. \n"
   )
   if query == "Q":
       sys.exit()
   elif query == "SHOW":
       pprint(currencies)
       function1()
   else:
       qty, fromC, toC = query.split(" ")
       fromC = fromC.upper()
       toC = toC.upper()
       qty = float(round(int(qty), 2))
       amount = round(qty * fx[toC] / fx[fromC], 2)
       print(f"{qty} of currency {fromC} amounts to {amount} of currency {toC} today")

try:
   function1()
except KeyError:
   print("You seem to have inputted wrongly, retry!")
   function1()

21.制作一个简单的秒表

import tkinter as Tkinter
from datetime import datetime
counter = 0
running = False

def counter_label(label):
   def count():
       if running:
           global counter
           # 管理初始延迟
           if counter == 0:
               display = 'Ready!'
           else:
               tt = datetime.utcfromtimestamp(counter)
               string = tt.strftime('％H:％M:％S')
               display = string

label['text'] = display

# 标签之后（arg1，arg2）延迟以毫秒为单位的第一个参数，然后调用作为第二个参数的函数。通常像这里一样，我们需要重复调用它所在的函数。延迟1000ms=1秒，并再次调用计数。
           label.after(1000, count)
           counter += 1

# 触发计数器的启动
   count()

# 秒表的启动功能
def Start(label):
   global running
   running = True
   counter_label(label)
   start['state'] = 'disabled'
   stop['state'] = 'normal'
   reset['state'] = 'normal'

# 秒表的停止功能
def Stop():
   global running
   start['state'] = 'normal'
   stop['state'] = 'disabled'
   reset['state'] = 'normal'
   running = False

# 秒表的重置功能
def Reset(label):
   global counter
   counter = 0
   # 如果按下停止按钮后按下复位按钮。
   if not running:
       reset['state'] = 'disabled'
       label['text'] = '00:00:00'
   # If reset is pressed while the stopwatch is running.
   else:
       label['text'] = '00:00:00'

root = Tkinter.Tk()
root.title("Stopwatch")

# 修复窗口大小
root.minsize(width=250, height=70)
label = Tkinter.Label(root, text='Ready!', fg='black', font='Verdana 30 bold')
label.pack()
f = Tkinter.Frame(root)
start = Tkinter.Button(f, text='Start', width=6, command=lambda: Start(label))
stop = Tkinter.Button(f, text='Stop', width=6, state='disabled', command=Stop)
reset = Tkinter.Button(f, text='Reset', width=6, state='disabled', command=lambda: Reset(label))
f.pack(anchor='center', pady=5)
start.pack(side='left')
stop.pack(side='left')
reset.pack(side='left')
root.mainloop()

22.用于压缩文件夹和文件的Python脚本

import zipfile
import sys
import os

# 压缩文件功能
def zip_file(file_path):
   compress_file = zipfile.ZipFile(file_path + '.zip', 'w')
   compress_file.write(path, compress_type=zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)
   compress_file.close()

# 声明函数以返回特定目录的所有文件路径
def retrieve_file_paths(dir_name):
   # 设置文件路径变量
   file_paths = []

# 读取所有目录、子目录和文件列表
   for root, directories, files in os.walk(dir_name):
       for filename in files:
           # 使用os模块创建完整的文件路径。
           file_path = os.path.join(root, filename)
           file_paths.append(file_path)

# 返回所有路径
   return file_paths

def zip_dir(dir_path, file_paths):
   # 将文件和文件夹写入zip文件
   compress_dir = zipfile.ZipFile(dir_path + '.zip', 'w')
   with compress_dir:
       # 分别写入每个文件
       for file in file_paths:
           compress_dir.write(file)

if __name__ == "__main__":
   path = sys.argv[1]

if os.path.isdir(path):
       files_path = retrieve_file_paths(path)
       # 打印要压缩的文件列表
       print('The following list of files will be zipped:')
       for file_name in files_path:
           print(file_name)
       zip_dir(path, files_path)
   elif os.path.isfile(path):
       print('The ％s will be zipped:' ％ path)
       zip_file(path)
   else:
       print('a special file(socket,FIFO,device file), please input file or dir')

23.文字转语音

from gtts import gTTS
import os
file = open("abc.txt", "r").read()

speech = gTTS(text=file, lang='en', slow=False)
speech.save("voice.mp3")
os.system("voice.mp3")

来源：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_44273429/article/details/127913261