Python tkinter实现图片标注功能(完整代码)

.tkinter

tkinter是Python下面向tk的图形界面接口库，可以方便地进行图形界面设计和交互操作编程。tkinter的优点是简单易用、与Python的结合度好。tkinter在Python 3.x下默认集成，不需要额外的安装操作；不足之处为缺少合适的可视化界面设计工具，需要通过代码来完成窗口设计和元素布局。

Python tkinter实现图片标注代码，代码如下所述：

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-
import os
import sys
if sys.version_info < (3, 0):
 import Tkinter as tk # 导入 Tkinter 库
 from tkFileDialog import askopenfilename, asksaveasfilename
else :
 import tkinter as tk # 导入 Tkinter 库
 from tkinter.filedialog import askopenfilename, asksaveasfilename
from PIL import Image, ImageTk, ImageDraw
from time import sleep
import numpy as np
import cv2 as cv
DEF_WIDTH = 1080
DEF_HEIGHT = 720
IMAGE_HEIGHT = 720
FRAME_LEFT_WIDTH = 360
# 太小的选定区域我们需要丢弃，防止误操作
MINI_RECT_AREA = 20
class RawImageEditor:
 def __init__(self, win, img, rects):
   #变量X和Y用来记录鼠标左键按下的位置
   self.X = tk.IntVar(value=0)
   self.Y = tk.IntVar(value=0)
   self.sel = False
   self.lastDraw = None
   self.lastDraws = []
   self.imageScale = 1.0
   self.dispWidth = DEF_WIDTH # 图片显示区域的最大高度，宽度
   self.dispHeight = DEF_HEIGHT
   self.rawImage = img
   self.calcImageScale(self.rawImage)
   self.dispWidth = int(self.imageScale * self.rawImage.width)
   self.dispHeight = int(self.imageScale * self.rawImage.height)
   # 图片缩放
   self.dispImage = self.rawImage.resize((self.dispWidth, self.dispHeight))
   # 选择区域
   self.selPositions = []
   for r in rects :
     self.selPositions.append((r[0] * self.imageScale, r[1] * self.imageScale, r[2] * self.imageScale, r[3] * self.imageScale))
   #创建顶级组件容器
   self.top = tk.Toplevel(win, width=self.dispWidth, height=self.dispHeight)
   #不显示最大化、最小化按钮
   self.top.overrideredirect(True)
   # Make topLevelWindow remain on top until destroyed, or attribute changes.
   self.top.attributes('-topmost', 'true')
   self.canvas = tk.Canvas(self.top, bg='white', width=self.dispWidth, height=self.dispHeight)
   self.tkImage = ImageTk.PhotoImage(self.dispImage)
   self.canvas.create_image(self.dispWidth//2, self.dispHeight//2, image=self.tkImage)
   for r in self.selPositions :
     draw = self.canvas.create_rectangle(r[0], r[1], r[2], r[3], outline='green')
     self.lastDraws.append(draw)
   #鼠标左键按下的位置
   def onLeftButtonDown(event):
     self.X.set(event.x)
     self.Y.set(event.y)
     #开始截图
     self.sel = True
     #重新绘制已经选择的区域
     for draw in self.lastDraws :
       self.canvas.delete(draw)
     self.lastDraws = []
     for r in self.selPositions :
       draw = self.canvas.create_rectangle(r[0], r[1], r[2], r[3], outline='green')
       self.lastDraws.append(draw)
   self.canvas.bind('<Button-1>', onLeftButtonDown)
   #鼠标左键移动，显示选取的区域
   def onLeftButtonMove(event):
     if not self.sel:
       return
     try:
       #删除刚画完的图形，要不然鼠标移动的时候是黑乎乎的一片矩形
       self.canvas.delete(self.lastDraw)
     except Exception as e:
       pass
     self.lastDraw = self.canvas.create_rectangle(self.X.get(), self.Y.get(), event.x, event.y, outline='green')
   self.canvas.bind('<B1-Motion>', onLeftButtonMove)
   #获取鼠标左键抬起的位置，保存区域截图
   def onLeftButtonUp(event):
     self.sel = False
     sleep(0.1)
     #考虑鼠标左键从右下方按下而从左上方抬起的截图
     left, right = sorted([self.X.get(), event.x])
     top, bottom = sorted([self.Y.get(), event.y])
     if (right - left) * (bottom - top) > MINI_RECT_AREA :
       self.selPositions.append((left,top,right,bottom))
     #self.top.destroy()
   #鼠标右键按下
   def onRightButtonDown(event):
     self.sel = False
     self.top.destroy()
   self.canvas.bind('<Button-2>', onRightButtonDown)
   self.canvas.bind('<ButtonRelease-1>', onLeftButtonUp)
   self.canvas.pack(fill=tk.BOTH, expand=tk.YES)
 def calcImageScale(self, image) :
   w = image.width
   h = image.height
   self.imageScale = 1.0
   # 计算最小的缩放比例，保证原始宽高比
   if w > self.dispWidth and h > self.dispHeight :
     ws = self.dispWidth * 1.0 / w
     hs = self.dispHeight * 1.0 / h
     if ws < hs :
       self.imageScale = ws
     else :
       self.imageScale = hs
   elif w > self.dispWidth and h < self.dispHeight :
     self.imageScale = self.dispWidth * 1.0 / w
   elif w < self.dispWidth and h > self.dispHeight :
     self.imageScale = self.dispHeight * 1.0 / h
 def waitForWindow(self, win) :      
   win.wait_window(self.top)
 def selectedPositions(self) :
   # 转换为原始像素位置
   realPos = []
   for r in self.selPositions :
     realPos.append((r[0] / self.imageScale, r[1] / self.imageScale, r[2] / self.imageScale, r[3] / self.imageScale))
   return realPos  
class MainWin(tk.Tk):
 def __init__(self):
   if sys.version_info >= (3, 0):
     super().__init__()
   else :
     tk.Tk.__init__(self)
   self.title('图像处理工具')
   self.geometry('{}x{}'.format(DEF_WIDTH, DEF_HEIGHT))
   self.rawImagePath = ''
   self.rawImage = None # self.rawImage 原始图像，未经过缩放处理
   self.transRawImage = None # self.transRawImage 经过转换处理之后的原始图像，没有经过缩放处理
   self.dispImage = None # self.dispImage 显示图像，可能经过缩放处理
   self.imageScale = 1.0 # 图片缩放比例，根据缩放比例进行显示的时候的缩放处理，后期选择区域的时候，需要进行缩放还原
   self.leftFrameWidth = FRAME_LEFT_WIDTH
   self.frameDispHeight = DEF_HEIGHT # 整个窗口的高度
   self.labelTextHeight = 20 # 文本标签的高度
   self.btnHeight = 40 # 按钮的高度
   self.imageDispWidth = IMAGE_HEIGHT # 图片显示区域的最大高度，宽度
   self.imageDispHeight = self.frameDispHeight / 2 - self.labelTextHeight * 2
   # 选择区域
   self.liRect = []
   self.rawImageEditor = None
   self.setupUI()
 def scaleDisplayImage(self, image) :
   w = image.width
   h = image.height
   self.imageScale = 1.0
   # 计算最小的缩放比例，保证原始宽高比
   if w > self.imageDispWidth and h > self.imageDispHeight :
     ws = self.imageDispWidth * 1.0 / w
     hs = self.imageDispHeight * 1.0 / h
     if ws < hs :
       self.imageScale = ws
     else :
       self.imageScale = hs
   elif w > self.imageDispWidth and h < self.imageDispHeight :
     self.imageScale = self.imageDispWidth * 1.0 / w
   elif w < self.imageDispWidth and h > self.imageDispHeight :
     self.imageScale = self.imageDispHeight * 1.0 / h
   # 图片缩放
   return image.resize((int(self.imageScale * w), int(self.imageScale * h)))

# 打开图片时使用，传值（图）给展示函数
 def openAndDisplayImage(self):
   self.rawImagePath = self.selectImageFile()
   if '' != self.rawImagePath :
     self.rawImage = Image.open(self.rawImagePath)
     self.rawImage = self.rawImage.convert('RGBA')
     self.drawRawImageDisp()
 def drawListBox(self):
   self.l_box.delete(0,tk.END)
   for item in self.liRect:
     r = '{},{},{},{}'.format(round(item[0],1), round(item[1],1), round(item[2],1), round(item[3],1))
     self.l_box.insert(0, r)
 def drawRawImageDisp(self, selItems=[]):      
   self.dispImage = self.scaleDisplayImage(self.rawImage)
   self.dispImage = self.dispImage.convert('RGB')
   draw = ImageDraw.Draw(self.dispImage)
   for i in range(len(self.liRect)) :
     r = self.liRect[i]
     if i in selItems :
       draw.rectangle((r[0] * self.imageScale, r[1] * self.imageScale, r[2] * self.imageScale, r[3] * self.imageScale), outline = "red")
     else :
       draw.rectangle((r[0] * self.imageScale, r[1] * self.imageScale, r[2] * self.imageScale, r[3] * self.imageScale), outline = "green")
   img = ImageTk.PhotoImage(self.dispImage)
   self.image_l_raw.config(image=img)
   self.image_l_raw.image = img
 def deleteSelectedItemFromListBox(self):
   #print(self.l_box.get(self.l_box.curselection()))
   idx = self.l_box.curselection()
   if len(idx) > 0 :
     kp = []
     for v in range(len(self.liRect)) :
       if v not in idx :
         kp.append(self.liRect[v])
     self.liRect = kp
     self.drawListBox()
     self.drawRawImageDisp()
 # 打开图片时使用，获得地址
 def selectImageFile(self):
   path = tk.StringVar()
   file_entry = tk.Entry(self, state='readonly', text=path)
   path_ = askopenfilename()
   path.set(path_)
   return file_entry.get()
 def rawImageLabelClicked(self, event):
   if None != self.rawImage :
     if None == self.rawImageEditor :
       self.rawImageEditor = RawImageEditor(self, self.rawImage, self.liRect)
       self.rawImageEditor.waitForWindow(self.image_l_raw)
       self.liRect = self.rawImageEditor.selectedPositions()
       self.rawImageEditor = None
       self.drawListBox()
       self.drawRawImageDisp()
 def onRectListboxSelect(self, event):
   idx = self.l_box.curselection()
   if len(idx) > 0 :
     self.drawRawImageDisp(idx)
 def drawTransImageDisp(self):      
   transImage = self.scaleDisplayImage(self.transRawImage)
   transImage = transImage.convert('L')
   img = ImageTk.PhotoImage(transImage)
   self.image_l_trans.config(image=img)
   self.image_l_trans.image = img
 def doTransRawImage(self):
   self.transRawImage = Image.new('L', (self.rawImage.width, self.rawImage.height))
   for r in self.liRect :
     im = self.rawImage.crop(r)
     cv_im = cv.cvtColor(np.asarray(im), cv.COLOR_RGB2BGR)
     hsv = cv.cvtColor(cv_im, cv.COLOR_BGR2HSV)
     _, _, v = cv.split(hsv)
     avg = np.average(v.flatten())
     pixels = im.load()
     for j in range(im.height) :
       for i in range(im.width) :
         hv = v[j,i]
         if hv < avg * 1.2:
           #im.putpixel((i, j), 0) # slow
           pixels[i, j] = 0
         '''else :
           im.putpixel((i, j), (255, 255, 255, 255))'''
     self.transRawImage.paste(im, (int(r[0]),int(r[1])), mask = None)
   self.drawTransImageDisp()
 def onTransRawImageBtnClicked(self):
   if None != self.rawImage :
     self.doTransRawImage()
 def onSaveTransRawImageBtnClicked(self):
   if None != self.transRawImage :
     ext = os.path.splitext(self.rawImagePath)[-1]
     (path,name) = os.path.split(self.rawImagePath)
     filename = asksaveasfilename(title = '保存图片', initialfile = name, filetypes = (("jpeg files","*{}".format(ext)), ("all files","*.*")))
     if '' != filename :
       self.transRawImage.save(filename)    
 def setupUI(self):
   # 左边菜单栏
   left_f = tk.Frame(self, height=self.frameDispHeight, width=self.leftFrameWidth)
   left_f.pack(side=tk.LEFT)
   # 各种功能按钮名称及位置
   btnOpen = tk.Button(left_f, text='打开图像', command=self.openAndDisplayImage)
   btnOpen.place(y=25, x=30, width=300, height=self.btnHeight)
   btnTrans = tk.Button(left_f, text='处理图像', command=self.onTransRawImageBtnClicked)
   btnTrans.place(y=85, x=30, width=300, height=self.btnHeight)
   l_selRect = tk.Label(left_f, text = '鼠标选定区域')
   l_selRect.place(x=0, y=165, width=self.leftFrameWidth, height=self.labelTextHeight)
   '''列表'''
   self.l_box = tk.Listbox(left_f) # 创建两个列表组件
   self.l_box.place(x=0, y=165+self.labelTextHeight, width=self.leftFrameWidth, height=270)
   self.l_box.bind('<<ListboxSelect>>', self.onRectListboxSelect)
   self.drawListBox()
   # 删除选定项
   btnDel = tk.Button(left_f, text='删除选定项', command=self.deleteSelectedItemFromListBox)
   btnDel.place(y=460, x=30, width=300, height=self.btnHeight)
   btnSave = tk.Button(left_f, text='保存结果', command=self.onSaveTransRawImageBtnClicked)
   btnSave.place(y=550, x=30, width=300, height=self.btnHeight)
   # 右侧图像显示栏
   right_f = tk.Frame(self, height=self.frameDispHeight, width=self.imageDispWidth)
   right_f.pack(side=tk.RIGHT)
   l_rawT = tk.Label(right_f, text = '原始图片')
   l_rawT.place(x=0, y=0, width=self.imageDispWidth, height=self.labelTextHeight)
   self.image_l_raw = tk.Label(right_f, relief='ridge')
   self.image_l_raw.place(x=0, y=self.labelTextHeight, width=self.imageDispWidth, height=self.imageDispHeight)
   self.image_l_raw.bind("<Button-1>",self.rawImageLabelClicked)
   l_transT = tk.Label(right_f, text = '处理后图片')
   l_transT.place(x=0, y=self.labelTextHeight + self.imageDispHeight, width=self.imageDispWidth, height=self.labelTextHeight)
   self.image_l_trans = tk.Label(right_f, relief='ridge')
   self.image_l_trans.place(x=0, y=self.labelTextHeight + self.imageDispHeight + self.labelTextHeight, width=self.imageDispWidth, height=self.imageDispHeight)
if __name__ == '__main__' :
 win = MainWin()
 # 进入消息循环
 win.mainloop()

总结

以上所述是小编给大家介绍的Python tkinter实现图片标注功能，希望对大家有所帮助，如果大家有任何疑问欢迎给我留言，小编会及时回复大家的！

来源：https://www.mobibrw.com/2019/22430