python实现12306登录并保存cookie的方法示例
作者：v1113606116 发布时间：2021-08-05 18:37:55
标签：python,12306,cookie
经过倒腾12306的登录,还是实现了,请求头很重要...各位感兴趣的可以继续写下去.....
import sys
import time
import requests
from PIL import Image
import json
import os
import Headers
import SessionUtil
import UrlUtils
class Ticket(object):
def __init__(self):
self.answer = {
"1": "40,40",
"2": "110,40",
"3": "180,40",
"4": "260,40",
"5": "40,120",
"6": "110,120",
"7": "180,120",
"8": "260,120",
}
self.answer_code=''
self.tk = ''
def getDEVICEID(self):
r = requests.get(UrlUtils.DEVICE_url, headers=Headers.BaseHead).text
try:
dic = json.loads(r[18:-2].replace(" ", ""))
except Exception:
return ""
return dic
# 初始化 获取设备id 设置为cookie 必须
def initialize(self):
dic = self.getDEVICEID()
if dic == "":
print("网络获取指纹失败!使用默认id")
RAIL_EXPIRATION = "1576651914389"
RAIL_DEVICEID = "lBJStCNl0YGo_HVkGtwOo2LWziXcwzpIk5gc2vAILNYdRfaeZ04nJtZ1JZwgQIssMDksn10rAz6Hz-bekeufhAusaKJId8f2BCg05ocgrzc8-chv8h4IB-lQ9H04XjLXr2fbnHw-SLZga3PewEfgPz2s-mhp7NAz"
else:
print("网络获取指纹成功!")
RAIL_EXPIRATION = dic["exp"]
RAIL_DEVICEID = dic['dfp']
SessionUtil.setCookie("RAIL_EXPIRATION", RAIL_EXPIRATION)
SessionUtil.setCookie("RAIL_DEVICEID", RAIL_DEVICEID)
def conf(self):
res = SessionUtil.session.post(url=UrlUtils.Conf_url, data=None, headers=Headers.ConFHeader)
def uamtkstatic(self):
data = {
'appid': 'otn'
}
SessionUtil.session.post(url=UrlUtils.UamtkStatic_url, data=data, headers=Headers.UamtkStaticHead)
def get_img_code(self):
try:
img = SessionUtil.session.get(url=UrlUtils.Down_mg_url, headers=Headers.BaseHead).content
with open('code.jpg', 'wb') as f:
f.write(img)
except Exception:
print("下载图片错误! 等待重试~~")
time.sleep(1)
self.get_img_code()
def check_img(self):
try:
Image.open('code.jpg').show()
except Exception:
time.sleep(2)
Image.open('code.jpg').show()
print("+---1-------+----------+----------+----------+")
print("| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |")
print("|----------|----------|----------|----------|")
print("| 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |")
print("+----------+----------+----------+----------+")
input_code = input("请在1—8中选择输入验证图片编号，以半角','隔开。(例如：1,3,5):")
answer_code = ''
try:
for i in input_code.split(','):
answer_code += ',' + self.answer[i] if (i is not input_code[0]) else self.answer[i]
except Exception as e:
print('输入错误请重新输入!')
self.check_img()
data = {
'answer': answer_code,
'rand': 'sjrand',
'login_site': 'E',
}
response = SessionUtil.session.get(url=UrlUtils.Check_img_url, params=data, headers=Headers.BaseHead, )
check_result = json.loads(response.text)
print(check_result)
try:
if check_result['result_code'] == '4':
print('*' * 20 + '验证码正确' + '*' * 20)
self.answer_code=answer_code
else:
self.get_img_code()
self.check_img()
except Exception:
self.get_img_code()
self.check_img()
# 校验密码正确
def login(self, answer_code):
user = ''
password = ''
try:
with open("user.conf", "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
user = f.readline().strip().replace("[", '').replace("]", '').replace("name=", '')
password = f.readline().strip().replace("[", '').replace("]", '').replace("pwd=", '')
if user == "" or password == "":
raise Exception
except Exception:
user = input("账号____:")
password = input("密码____:")
formdata = {
'username': user,
'password': password,
'appid': 'otn',
'answer': answer_code
}
login_result = SessionUtil.session.post(url=UrlUtils.Login_url, data=formdata, headers=Headers.BaseHead)
login_result.encoding = 'utf-8'
login_result = login_result.json()
print(login_result)
if login_result["result_code"] != 0: #{'result_message': '登录名不存在。', 'result_code': 1}
sys.exit(0)
# 二次校验
def userLogin(self):
# 获取一系列的cookie值才能真正的登录成功
response = SessionUtil.session.get(url=UrlUtils.UserLogin_url, headers=Headers.UserLoginHead)
# 更新JSESSIONID route
response = SessionUtil.session.get(url=UrlUtils.Redirect_UserLogin_Url, headers=Headers.RedirectHead)
def uamtk(self):
# 获取 tk 下一个请求需要提交 tk 值
data = {'appid': 'otn'}
uamtk_page = SessionUtil.session.post(url=UrlUtils.Uamtk_url, data=data, headers=Headers.UamtkHeader)
uamtk_page.encoding = 'utf-8'
try:
result = uamtk_page.json()
print(result)
if result['result_code'] != 0:
raise Exception(result['result_message'])
tk = result['newapptk']
self.tk = tk
except Exception:
print("获取tk失败!")
print("重试")
self.run()
def Uamauthclient(self):
data = {'tk': self.tk}
response = SessionUtil.session.post(url=UrlUtils.Uamauthclient_url, data=data,
headers=Headers.UamauthclientHeader)
res = response.text
try:
dic = json.loads(res)
print(dic)
print(dic["username"] + ",欢迎登录!")
except:
print("登录失败!")
self.run()
# '{"result_code":0,"result_message":"验证通过","username":"XXX","apptk":"36yslXHez3_68-LtHvhI61mZkranjdw6kT9j4UMwEqrw1w0"}'
def saveCookie(self):
SessionUtil.save_cookies("12306cookies.txt")
def getInfo(self):
try:
re = SessionUtil.session.post("https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/modifyUser/initQueryUserInfoApi",
headers=Headers.UserInfoHead)
print(re.text)
except:
print("获取失败")
def run(self):
self.initialize()
self.conf()
self.uamtkstatic()
self.get_img_code()
self.check_img()
self.login(self.answer_code)
self.userLogin()
self.uamtk()
self.Uamauthclient()
self.saveCookie()
self.conf()
self.getInfo()
if __name__ == '__main__':
t = Ticket()
result = "":
try:
with open("12306cookies.txt", "r", encoding="utf-8") as fr:
result = fr.read()
except Exception:
pass
if result != "":
SessionUtil.load_cookies("12306cookies.txt")
t.initialize()
t.conf()
t.uamtkstatic()
t.userLogin()
t.uamtk()
t.Uamauthclient()
t.getInfo()
else:
t.run()
Headers:
BaseHead = {
"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 Edge/16.16299",
"Host": "kyfw.12306.cn",
"Referer": "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html"
}
UserLoginHead = {
"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 Edge/16.16299",
'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded',
'Referer': 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html',
'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests': '1',
'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8',
}
RedirectHead = {
"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 Edge/16.16299",
'Referer': 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html',
'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests': '1',
'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8',
}
UamtkHeader = {
"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 Edge/16.16299",
'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8',
'Referer': 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/passport?redirect=/otn/login/userLogin',
'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate, br',
'Accept': r'application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01',
'Origin': 'https://kyfw.12306.cn'
}
UamauthclientHeader = {
"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 Edge/16.16299",
"Host": "kyfw.12306.cn",
'Referer': r'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/passport?redirect=/otn/login/userLogin',
}
ConFHeader = {
"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 Edge/16.16299",
"Host": "kyfw.12306.cn",
"Referer": "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html"
}
UamtkStaticHead = {
"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.110 Safari/537.36 Edge/16.16299",
'Content-Type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8',
'Referer': 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/resources/login.html',
}
UserInfoHead = {
"Accept": "*/*",
"Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate, br",
"Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.9,en;q=0.8",
"Cache-Control": "no-cache",
"Connection": "keep-alive",
"Content-Length": "0",
"Host": "kyfw.12306.cn",
"Origin": "https://kyfw.12306.cn",
"Pragma": "no-cache",
"Referer": "https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/view/information.html",
"Sec-Fetch-Mode": "cors",
"Sec-Fetch-Site": "same-origin",
"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/78.0.3904.108 Safari/537.36",
"X-Requested-With": "XMLHttpRequest",
}
SessionUtil
import requests
import urllib3
from http import cookiejar
urllib3.disable_warnings()
session = requests.Session()
session.verify = False # 取消验证 SSL
def setCookie(key,value):
session.cookies.set(key,value)
def removeCookies(key=None):
session.cookies.set(key, None) if key else session.cookies.clear()
def load_cookies(cookie_path="12306cookies.txt"):
load_cookiejar = cookiejar.LWPCookieJar()
load_cookiejar.load(cookie_path, ignore_discard=True, ignore_expires=True)
load_cookies = requests.utils.dict_from_cookiejar(load_cookiejar)
session.cookies = requests.utils.cookiejar_from_dict(load_cookies)
def save_cookies(cookie_path="12306cookies.txt"):
new_cookie_jar = cookiejar.LWPCookieJar(cookie_path)
requests.utils.cookiejar_from_dict({c.name: c.value for c in session.cookies}, new_cookie_jar)
new_cookie_jar.save(cookie_path, ignore_discard=True, ignore_expires=True)
UrlUtils
import time
DEVICE_url= 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/HttpZF/logdevice?algID=cS6Aw4inWV&hashCode=lZGX9bmwQGHuZPviiiBCrtoNPyHZ4pBG3jvF2dybZ6o&FMQw=0&q4f3=zh-CN&VySQ=FGGxHVb3AzlSM-oikvoZfGsTbD48DQud&VPIf=1&custID=133&VEek=unknown&dzuS=32.0 r0&yD16=0&EOQP=38437f3289ca7a613bb292a3de0dba2b&jp76=df7f80581243b062f0c64efc90666cd0&hAqN=Win32&platform=WEB&ks0Q=7523081fcf2454464b148398defb390a&TeRS=864x1536&tOHY=24xx864x1536&Fvje=i1l1o1s1&q5aJ=-8&wNLf=99115dfb07133750ba677d055874de87&0aew=Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/78.0.3904.108 Safari/537.36&E3gR=7a13398746be6f51fe069c8a25001f12×tamp=' + str(round(time.time() * 1000))
#验证码下载地址
Down_mg_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/passport/captcha/captcha-image?login_site=E&module=login&rand=sjrand&{}'.format(int(time.time() * 1000))
#验证码 验证地址
Check_img_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/passport/captcha/captcha-check'
#登录地址 校验账号密码
Login_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/passport/web/login'
#二次校验
UserLogin_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/login/userLogin'
#重定向二次校验
Redirect_UserLogin_Url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/passport?redirect=/otn/login/userLogin'
#获取 tk关键 url
Uamtk_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/passport/web/auth/uamtk'
# 使用tk 校验
Uamauthclient_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/uamauthclient'
#使用cookie直接 请求这个就可以访问 api
Conf_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/login/conf'
UamtkStatic_url = 'https://kyfw.12306.cn/passport/web/auth/uamtk-static'
initMy12306Api_url="https://kyfw.12306.cn/otn/index/initMy12306Api"[/mw_shl_code]
来源：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_38620956/article/details/103552155
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