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Java Mybatis框架多表操作与注解开发详解分析

作者：龍弟-idea　　发布时间：2023-12-04 17:15:14　

标签：Java,Mybatis,多表操作,注解开发

一对一查询

一对一查询的模型

用户表和订单表的关系为，一个用户有多个订单，一个订单只从属于一个用户。

一对一查询的需求:查询一个订单，与此同时查询出该订单所属的用户

一对一查询的语句

对应的sql语句: select * from orders o,user u where o.uid=u.id;查询的结果如下:

创建Order和User实体

创建OrderMapper接口

public interface OrderMapper {

//查询全部的方法
public List<Order> findAll();
}

配置OrderMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.longdi.mapper.OrderMapper">

<resultMap id="orderMap" type="order">

<id column="oid" property="id"></id>
<result column="ordertime" property="ordertime"></result>
<result column="total" property="total"></result>



<association property="user" javaType="user">
<id column="uid" property="id"></id>
<result column="username" property="username"></result>
<result column="password" property="password"></result>
<result column="birthday" property="birthday"></result>
</association>

</resultMap>

<select id="findAll" resultMap="orderMap">
SELECT *,o.id oid FROM orders o,USER u WHERE o.uid=u.id
</select>

</mapper>

配置UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.longdi.mapper.UserMapper">

<resultMap id="userMap" type="user">
<id column="uid" property="id"></id>
<result column="username" property="username"></result>
<result column="password" property="password"></result>
<result column="birthday" property="birthday"></result>

<collection property="orderList" ofType="order">

<id column="oid" property="id"></id>
<result column="ordertime" property="ordertime"></result>
<result column="total" property="total"></result>
</collection>
</resultMap>

<select id="findAll" resultMap="userMap">
SELECT *,o.id oid FROM USER u,orders o WHERE u.id=o.uid
</select>



<resultMap id="userRoleMap" type="user">

<id column="userId" property="id"></id>
<result column="username" property="username"></result>
<result column="password" property="password"></result>
<result column="birthday" property="birthday"></result>

<collection property="roleList" ofType="role">
<id column="roleId" property="id"></id>
<result column="roleName" property="roleName"></result>
<result column="roleDesc" property="roleDesc"></result>
</collection>
</resultMap>

<select id="findUserAndRoleAll" resultMap="userRoleMap">
SELECT * FROM USER u,sys_user_role ur,sys_role r WHERE u.id=ur.userId AND ur.roleId=r.id
</select>

</mapper>

配置sqlMapConfig.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>


<properties resource="jdbc.properties"></properties>


<typeAliases>
<typeAlias type="com.longdi.domain.User" alias="user"></typeAlias>
<typeAlias type="com.longdi.domain.Order" alias="order"></typeAlias>
<typeAlias type="com.longdi.domain.Role" alias="role"></typeAlias>
</typeAliases>


<environments default="developement">
<environment id="developement">
<transactionManager type="JDBC"></transactionManager>
<dataSource type="POOLED">
<property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</dataSource>
</environment>
</environments>


<mappers>
<mapper resource="com/longdi/mapper/UserMapper.xml"></mapper>
<mapper resource="com/longdi/mapper/OrderMapper.xml"></mapper>
</mappers>
</configuration>

测试代码

@Test
public void test1() throws IOException {
InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml");
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession();

OrderMapper mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(OrderMapper.class);
List<Order> orderList = mapper.findAll();
for (Order order : orderList) {
System.out.println(order);
}
sqlSession.close();
}

一对多查询

一对多查询模型

用户表和订单表的关系为，一个用户有多个订单，一个订单只从属于一个用户一对多查询的需求:查询一个用户，与此同时查询出该用户具有的订单

对应的sql语句: select *,o.id oid from user u left join orders o on u.id=o.uid;查询的结果如下:

SELECT *,o.id oid FROM USER u, orders o WHERE u.id=o.uid

修改User实体

创建UserMapper接口

配置UserMapper.xml
测试结果

多对多查询

多对多查询的模型
用户表和角色表的关系为，一个用户有多个角色，一个角色被多个用户使用多对多查询的需求:查询用户同时查询出该用户的所有角色

多对多查询的语句

对应的sql语句: select u.*,r.*,r.id rid from user u left join user_role ur on u.id=ur.user_idinner join role r on ur.role_id=r.id;
查询的结果如下:

创建Role实体，修改User实体

添加UserMapper接口方法

配置UserMapper.xml（上面）
测试代码

总结：

MyBatis多表配置方式:

一对一配置:使用<resultMap>做配置
一对多配置:使用<resultMap>+<collection>做配置

多对多配置:使用<resultMap>+<collection>做配置

Mybatis的注解开发

Mybatis的常用注解

这几年来注解开发越来越流行，Mybatis也可以使用注解开发方式，这样我们就可以减少编写Mapper映射文件了。我们先围绕一些基本的CRUD来学习，再学习复杂映射多表操作。
@Insert:实现新增
@Update:实现更新@Delete:实现删除@Select:实现查询
@Result:实现结果集封装
@Results:可以与@Result一起使用，封装多个结果集@One:实现一对一结果集封装
@Many:实现一对多结果集封装

Mybatis的增删查改

private UserMapper mapper;

@Before
public void before() throws IOException {
InputStream resourceAsStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream("sqlMapConfig.xml");
SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(resourceAsStream);
SqlSession sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(true);
mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserMapper.class);
}

@Test
public void testSave(){
User user = new User();
user.setUsername("tom");
user.setPassword("abc");
mapper.save(user);
}

@Test
public void testUpdate(){
User user = new User();
user.setId(18);
user.setUsername("lucy");
user.setPassword("123");
mapper.update(user);
}

@Test
public void testDelete(){
mapper.delete(18);
}

@Test
public void testFindById(){
User user = mapper.findById(2);
System.out.println(user);
}

@Test
public void testFindAll(){
List<User> all = mapper.findAll();
for (User user : all) {
System.out.println(user);
}
}

修改MyBatis的核心配置文件，我们使用了注解替代的映射文件，所以我们只需要加载使用了注解的Mapper接口即可

<mappers>

<package name="com.longdi.mapper.UserMapper"></package>
</mappers>

或者指定扫描包含映射关系的接口所在的包也可以

<mappers>

<package name="com.longdi.mapper"></package>
</mappers>

UserMapper:

public interface UserMapper {

@Insert("insert into user values(#{id},#{username},#{password},#{birthday})")
public void save(User user);

@Update("update user set username=#{username},password=#{password} where id=#{id}")
public void update(User user);

@Delete("delete from user where id=#{id}")
public void delete(int id);

@Select("select * from user where id=#{id}")
public User findById(int id);

@Select("select * from user")
public List<User> findAll();

@Select("select * from user")
@Results({
@Result(id=true ,column = "id",property = "id"),
@Result(column = "username",property = "username"),
@Result(column = "password",property = "password"),
@Result(
property = "orderList",
column = "id",
javaType = List.class,
many = @Many(select = "com.longdi.mapper.OrderMapper.findByUid")
)
})
public List<User> findUserAndOrderAll();

@Select("SELECT * FROM USER")
@Results({
@Result(id = true,column = "id",property = "id"),
@Result(column = "username",property = "username"),
@Result(column = "password",property = "password"),
@Result(
property = "roleList",
column = "id",
javaType = List.class,
many = @Many(select = "com.longdi.mapper.RoleMapper.findByUid")
)
})
public List<User> findUserAndRoleAll();

}