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Spring IOC基于注解启动示例详析

作者:神易风  发布时间:2022-04-19 22:49:55 

标签:spring,ioc,注解

Spring 基于注解启动

主要有两个Class实现注解启动

  • AnnotationConfigApplicationContext

  • AnnotationConfigWebApplicationContext

我们以AnnotationConfigApplicationContext 为研究对象

Spring IOC基于注解启动示例详析
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext.png

引入Spring 最小依赖


<dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
 <version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>

编写器启动代码


public static void main(String[] args) {
AnnotationConfigApplicationContext applicationContext = new AnnotationConfigApplicationContext();
applicationContext.register(BeanConfig.class);
applicationContext.refresh();
Date date = applicationContext.getBean("date",Date.class);
System.out.println(date);
}

AnnotationConfigApplicationContext 构造函数


public AnnotationConfigApplicationContext() {
   //负责注册Class ,读取器
 this.reader = new AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(this);
   //负责扫描指定类路径下的Class,注册bean
 this.scanner = new ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(this);
}

AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader 构造方法


public AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
 this(registry, getOrCreateEnvironment(registry));
}

public AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, Environment environment) {
 Assert.notNull(registry, "BeanDefinitionRegistry must not be null");
 Assert.notNull(environment, "Environment must not be null");
 this.registry = registry;
   //初始化ConditionEvaluator
 this.conditionEvaluator = new ConditionEvaluator(registry, environment, null);

/** 在給定的注册表中註冊所有相关的post processors
  * 判断容器是否已经存在给定注册表的bean,如果没有注册bean,并将bean放入容器中
  * 把所有的处理处理器列出来
  * ConfigurationClassPostProcessor 內部管理的配置注解处理器
  * AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor 内部管理@Autowired 的处理器
  * RequiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor @Required的处理器
  * CommonAnnotationBeanPostProcessor JSR-250注解处理器 ,先判断是否支持jsr,如果支持注册
  * PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor JPA管理 先使用类加载器查找是否存在,如果有这个包则注册
  * EventListenerMethodProcessor @EventListener的处理器
  * DefaultEventListenerFactory 管理EventListenerFactory处理器
  */
 AnnotationConfigUtils.registerAnnotationConfigProcessors(this.registry);
}

ConditionEvaluator 这个对象干什么,点击进去


public ConditionEvaluator(@Nullable BeanDefinitionRegistry registry,
  @Nullable Environment environment, @Nullable ResourceLoader resourceLoader) {

this.context = new ConditionContextImpl(registry, environment, resourceLoader);
}
 //ConditionContextImpl 实现了ConditionContext接口,ConditionEvaluator静态内部类
 public ConditionContextImpl(@Nullable BeanDefinitionRegistry registry,
   @Nullable Environment environment, @Nullable ResourceLoader resourceLoader) {

this.registry = registry;
  this.beanFactory = deduceBeanFactory(registry);
  this.environment = (environment != null ? environment : deduceEnvironment(registry));
  this.resourceLoader = (resourceLoader != null ? resourceLoader : deduceResourceLoader(registry));
  this.classLoader = deduceClassLoader(resourceLoader, this.beanFactory);
 }

可以知道ConditionEvaluator使用外部传参的方法初始化了Spring容器顶级对象
BeanFactory,Environment,ResourceLoader,ClassLoader。在将这些传给ConditionContextImpl为接下来的解析@Conditional注解做好准备

ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner构造函数


public ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry) {
 this(registry, true);
}

public ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, boolean useDefaultFilters) {
 this(registry, useDefaultFilters, getOrCreateEnvironment(registry));
}

public ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, boolean useDefaultFilters,
  Environment environment) {
 this(registry, useDefaultFilters, environment,
   (registry instanceof ResourceLoader ? (ResourceLoader) registry : null));
}

public ClassPathBeanDefinitionScanner(BeanDefinitionRegistry registry, boolean useDefaultFilters,
  Environment environment, @Nullable ResourceLoader resourceLoader) {
 Assert.notNull(registry, "BeanDefinitionRegistry must not be null");
 this.registry = registry;
 if (useDefaultFilters) {
  registerDefaultFilters();
 }
 setEnvironment(environment);
 setResourceLoader(resourceLoader);
}

protected void registerDefaultFilters() {
 this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(Component.class));
 ClassLoader cl = ClassPathScanningCandidateComponentProvider.class.getClassLoader();
 try {
  this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(
    ((Class<? extends Annotation>) ClassUtils.forName("javax.annotation.ManagedBean", cl)), false));
  logger.debug("JSR-250 'javax.annotation.ManagedBean' found and supported for component scanning");
 }
 catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
 }
 try {
  this.includeFilters.add(new AnnotationTypeFilter(
    ((Class<? extends Annotation>) ClassUtils.forName("javax.inject.Named", cl)), false));
  logger.debug("JSR-330 'javax.inject.Named' annotation found and supported for component scanning");
 }
 catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {
  // JSR-330 API not available - simply skip.
 }
}

绕了地球几圈了,其实就是将Spring 顶级接口 Environment,ResourceLoader赋值,使用默认注解过滤器,首先将@Component加入List中,判断当前环境是否支持JSR-250,JSR-330,相应加入过滤器中。也就是这个扫描器默认只扫描@Component或者JSR-250,JSR-330的标记的Class。

applicationContext.register(BeanConfig.class)


public void register(Class<?>... annotatedClasses) {
 Assert.notEmpty(annotatedClasses, "At least one annotated class must be specified");
 this.reader.register(annotatedClasses); //调用 刚刚初始化读取器
}
          |
============================AnnotatedBeanDefinitionReader 读取器代码======================================================================================================
 public void register(Class<?>... annotatedClasses) {
 for (Class<?> annotatedClass : annotatedClasses) {
  registerBean(annotatedClass);
 }
 }

public void registerBean(Class<?> annotatedClass) {
 doRegisterBean(annotatedClass, null, null, null);
}

/**
*从给定的bean解析Class给定的注解,执行相应的初始化,保存到Spring容器中
*/
<T> void doRegisterBean(Class<T> annotatedClass, @Nullable Supplier<T> instanceSupplier, @Nullable String name,
  @Nullable Class<? extends Annotation>[] qualifiers, BeanDefinitionCustomizer... definitionCustomizers) {

//根据Class的Annotated 得出元数据 AnnotationMetadata
 AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition abd = new AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition(annotatedClass);
 /**
 * 判断注册的Class 是否包含@Conditional注解,如果有获取全部value,放入List中
 * 排序后,遍历所有的Conditiion的实现,使用反射获取对象,执行matches方法,
 * 如果发现有返回false,中断循环直接返回true,
 */
 if (this.conditionEvaluator.shouldSkip(abd.getMetadata())) { //如果 @Conditional条件不满足,不进行注册
  return;
 }

abd.setInstanceSupplier(instanceSupplier);
 //解析Class是否有@Scope,解析@Scope注解返回ScopeMetadata对象,没有直接返回空
 ScopeMetadata scopeMetadata = this.scopeMetadataResolver.resolveScopeMetadata(abd);
 abd.setScope(scopeMetadata.getScopeName());
 //判断注解上Value是否有值,有就使用这个作为BeanName,没有则取类名
 String beanName = (name != null ? name : this.beanNameGenerator.generateBeanName(abd, this.registry));
 //继续解析AnnotationMetadata的@Lazy,@Primary,@DependsOn,@Role,@Description的注解,放入结果放入对象的属性中
 AnnotationConfigUtils.processCommonDefinitionAnnotations(abd);
 //这个类只是BeanDefinition 包装类
 BeanDefinitionHolder definitionHolder = new BeanDefinitionHolder(abd, beanName);
 //是否需要代理类,如果是则修改内部属性,重新生成BeanDefinition 对象
 definitionHolder = AnnotationConfigUtils.applyScopedProxyMode(scopeMetadata, definitionHolder, this.registry);
 //调用DefaultListableBeanFactory.registerBeanDefinition的方法,做一些安全性校验再,将definitionHolder 放入register容器中
 BeanDefinitionReaderUtils.registerBeanDefinition(definitionHolder, this.registry);
}

这个方法就是将注册的Bean,解析Class上的注解,初始化注解数据,做相应处理,转化成BeanDefinition ,放入Spring 容器中保存起来。

我们看下BeanDefinition是怎么实现注册到Spring的容器中,主要由DefaultListableBeanFactory.registerBeanDefinition来实现


public void registerBeanDefinition(String beanName, BeanDefinition beanDefinition)
  throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {

Assert.hasText(beanName, "Bean name must not be empty");
 Assert.notNull(beanDefinition, "BeanDefinition must not be null");

if (beanDefinition instanceof AbstractBeanDefinition) {
  try {
   //对beanDefinition 进行校验判断MethodOverrides不能为空,必须拥有工厂方法
   ((AbstractBeanDefinition) beanDefinition).validate();
  }
  catch (BeanDefinitionValidationException ex) {
   throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
     "Validation of bean definition failed", ex);
  }
 }

BeanDefinition oldBeanDefinition;

oldBeanDefinition = this.beanDefinitionMap.get(beanName);
 if (oldBeanDefinition != null) {
   //这个方法是判断是否允许出现重名bean,并且是不同的定义bean,是否可以覆盖前者
  if (!isAllowBeanDefinitionOverriding()) {
   throw new BeanDefinitionStoreException(beanDefinition.getResourceDescription(), beanName,
     "Cannot register bean definition [" + beanDefinition + "] for bean '" + beanName +
     "': There is already [" + oldBeanDefinition + "] bound.");
  }
  else if (oldBeanDefinition.getRole() < beanDefinition.getRole()) {
   // e.g. was ROLE_APPLICATION, now overriding with ROLE_SUPPORT or ROLE_INFRASTRUCTURE
   if (this.logger.isWarnEnabled()) {
    this.logger.warn("Overriding user-defined bean definition for bean '" + beanName +
      "' with a framework-generated bean definition: replacing [" +
      oldBeanDefinition + "] with [" + beanDefinition + "]");
   }
  }
  else if (!beanDefinition.equals(oldBeanDefinition)) {
   if (this.logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
    this.logger.info("Overriding bean definition for bean '" + beanName +
      "' with a different definition: replacing [" + oldBeanDefinition +
      "] with [" + beanDefinition + "]");
   }
  }
  else {
   if (this.logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
    this.logger.debug("Overriding bean definition for bean '" + beanName +
      "' with an equivalent definition: replacing [" + oldBeanDefinition +
      "] with [" + beanDefinition + "]");
   }
  }
  this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition);
 }
 else {
  //调用alreadyCreated.isEmpty(),alreadyCreated Set对象,保存已经创建beanName
  //文档中表示created,跟这里注册应该不是同一个行为,这个要看到后面才知道什么意思
  if (hasBeanCreationStarted()) {
   synchronized (this.beanDefinitionMap) {//更新数据
    this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition);
    List<String> updatedDefinitions = new ArrayList<>(this.beanDefinitionNames.size() + 1);
    updatedDefinitions.addAll(this.beanDefinitionNames);
    updatedDefinitions.add(beanName);
    this.beanDefinitionNames = updatedDefinitions;
    if (this.manualSingletonNames.contains(beanName)) {
     Set<String> updatedSingletons = new LinkedHashSet<>(this.manualSingletonNames);
     updatedSingletons.remove(beanName);
     this.manualSingletonNames = updatedSingletons;
    }
   }
  }
  else {
   //Spring beanDefinition 容器,一个Map转载
   this.beanDefinitionMap.put(beanName, beanDefinition);
   //保存beanName,主要用于记录每个bean注册顺序
   this.beanDefinitionNames.add(beanName);
   //删除单例,注册成一个普通bean
   this.manualSingletonNames.remove(beanName);
  }
  this.frozenBeanDefinitionNames = null;
 }

if (oldBeanDefinition != null || containsSingleton(beanName)) {
  //更新Spring容器里beanName
  resetBeanDefinition(beanName);
 }
}

将beanDefinition注册到Spring容器中,并没有太多复杂的逻辑,只是做一些安全性的检查。

BeanDefinition

一个BeanDefinition描述了一个bean的实例,包括属性值,构造方法参数值和继承自它的类的更多信息。BeanDefinition仅仅是一个最简单的接口,主要功能是允许BeanFactoryPostProcessor 例如PropertyPlaceHolderConfigure 能够检索并修改属性值和别的bean的元数据(译注)

Spring 容器beanDefinition主要分为RootBeanDefinition,AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition这两种

  • RootBeanDefinition     Spring Factory中的特定bean

  • AnnotatedGenericBeanDefinition      用户自定义bean

Spring 启动流程总结

Spring IOC基于注解启动示例详析

AnnotationConfigApplicationContext 初始化.png

这些BeanDefinition只是放入到Spirng 容器中,并没有进行任何初始化对象的操作,真正的IOC操作都在refresh(),这个方法有空再进行分析。

来源:https://www.jianshu.com/p/573bdae020e9

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