spring-boot读取props和yml配置文件的方法

最近微框架spring-boot很火，笔者也跟风学习了一下，废话不多说，现给出一个读取配置文件的例子。

首先，需要在pom文件中依赖以下jar包

<dependencies>
<dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
</dependency>  
<dependency>
 <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
 <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
 <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>

其次，我们需要一个spring-boot启动类 

@SpringBootApplication
@EnableConfigurationProperties({PropsConfig.class,YmlConfig.class})
public class ReadApplication {
public static void main(String[] args) {
 SpringApplication.run(ReadApplication.class, args);
}
}

没错，@EnableConfigurationProperties注解里指出的PropsConfig.class,YmlConfig.class分别就是读取props和yml配置文件的类。接下来，我们分别进行读取properties和yml配置文件的具体实现。

1.读取properties配置文件

在类路径下放置一个application.properties文件，大致内容如下：

master.ds.driverClassName=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
master.ds.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
master.ds.username=root
master.ds.password=root
master.ds.filters=stat
master.ds.maxActive=20
master.ds.initialSize=1
master.ds.maxWait=60000
master.ds.minIdle=10
master.ds.timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis=60000
master.ds.minEvictableIdleTimeMillis=300000
master.ds.validationQuery=SELECT 'x'
master.ds.testWhileIdle=true
master.ds.testOnBorrow=false
master.ds.testOnReturn=false
master.ds.poolPreparedStatements=true
master.ds.maxOpenPreparedStatements=100
master.ds.removeAbandoned=true
master.ds.removeAbandonedTimeout=1800
master.ds.logAbandoned=true

读取props配置的类，很简单，基本就是一个pojo/vo类，在类上加载@ConfigurationProperties注解即可。

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "master.ds",locations = "classpath:application.properties")
public class PropsConfig {
private String driverClassName;
private String url;
private String username;
private String password;
private String filters;
private String maxActive;
private String initialSize;
private String maxWait;
public String getDriverClassName() {
 return driverClassName;
}
public void setDriverClassName(String driverClassName) {
 this.driverClassName = driverClassName;
}
public String getUrl() {
 return url;
}
public void setUrl(String url) {
 this.url = url;
}
public String getUsername() {
 return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
 this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
 return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
 this.password = password;
}
public String getFilters() {
 return filters;
}
public void setFilters(String filters) {
 this.filters = filters;
}
public String getMaxActive() {
 return maxActive;
}
public void setMaxActive(String maxActive) {
 this.maxActive = maxActive;
}
public String getInitialSize() {
 return initialSize;
}
public void setInitialSize(String initialSize) {
 this.initialSize = initialSize;
}
public String getMaxWait() {
 return maxWait;
}
public void setMaxWait(String maxWait) {
 this.maxWait = maxWait;
}
}

单元测试类

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ReadApplication.class)
public class ReadApplicationPropsTests {
@Autowired
private PropsConfig propsConfig;
@Test
public void testDisplayPropsValue() {
 String driverClassName = propsConfig.getDriverClassName();
 String url = propsConfig.getUrl();
 String username = propsConfig.getUsername();
 String password = propsConfig.getPassword();  
 String filters = propsConfig.getFilters();
 String maxActive = propsConfig.getMaxActive();
 String initialSize = propsConfig.getInitialSize();
 String maxWait = propsConfig.getMaxWait();    
 System.out.println("driverClassName -> " + driverClassName);
 System.out.println("url -> " + url);
 System.out.println("username -> " + username);
 System.out.println("password -> " + password);  
 System.out.println("initialSize -> " + initialSize);
 System.out.println("maxWait -> " + maxWait);

}
}

可以看到在控制台输出的测试内容：

driverClassName -> com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url -> jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/test
username -> root
password -> root
initialSize -> 1
maxWait -> 60000

2.读取yml配置文件

在类路径下放置一个application.yml文件，大致内容如下：

myProps: #自定义的属性和值
simpleProp: simplePropValue
arrayProps: 1,2,3,4,5
listProp1:
- name: abc
 value: abcValue
- name: efg
 value: efgValue
listProp2:
- config2Value1
- config2Vavlue2
mapProps:
key1: value1
key2: value2

读取yml配置文件的类。

@ConfigurationProperties(prefix="myProps") //application.yml中的myProps下的属性
public class YmlConfig {
private String simpleProp;
private String[] arrayProps;
private List<Map<String, String>> listProp1 = new ArrayList<>(); //接收prop1里面的属性值
private List<String> listProp2 = new ArrayList<>(); //接收prop2里面的属性值
private Map<String, String> mapProps = new HashMap<>(); //接收prop1里面的属性值  
public String getSimpleProp() {
 return simpleProp;
}

public void setSimpleProp(String simpleProp) {
 this.simpleProp = simpleProp;
}

public List<Map<String, String>> getListProp1() {
 return listProp1;
}
public List<String> getListProp2() {
 return listProp2;
}

public String[] getArrayProps() {
 return arrayProps;
}

public void setArrayProps(String[] arrayProps) {
 this.arrayProps = arrayProps;
}

public Map<String, String> getMapProps() {
 return mapProps;
}

public void setMapProps(Map<String, String> mapProps) {
 this.mapProps = mapProps;
}
}

单元测试类

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest(classes = ReadApplication.class)
public class ReadApplicationYmlTests {
@Autowired
private YmlConfig ymlConfig;  
@Test
public void testDisplayYmlValue() throws JsonProcessingException {
 System.out.println("simpleProp: " + ymlConfig.getSimpleProp());    
 ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
 System.out.println("arrayProps: " + objectMapper.writeValueAsString(ymlConfig.getArrayProps()));
 System.out.println("listProp1: " + objectMapper.writeValueAsString(ymlConfig.getListProp1()));
 System.out.println("listProp2: " + objectMapper.writeValueAsString(ymlConfig.getListProp2()));
 System.out.println("mapProps: " + objectMapper.writeValueAsString(ymlConfig.getMapProps()));  
}
}

可以看到在控制台输出的测试内容：

simpleProp: simplePropValue
arrayProps: ["1","2","3","4","5"]
listProp1: [{"name":"abc","value":"abcValue"},{"name":"efg","value":"efgValue"}]
listProp2: ["config2Value1","config2Vavlue2"]
mapProps: {"key1":"value1","key2":"value2"}

是不是很神奇，不需要spring的applicationContext.xml文件也可以顺利运行之。

来源：http://blog.csdn.net/gaolu/article/details/52708177