对django views中 request, response的常用操作详解

request

获取post请求中的json数据

def hello(request):
data = json.loads(request.body)
...

json格式还有一些 非表单序列化 的格式，都可以从 request.body 中获取请求体中的数据，对于ajax请求可以使用 request.is_ajax() 来判断

根据请求的信息获取base url（有时候服务的域名比较多，还是需要动态的拼接一下url信息）

# url http://wificdn.com:8888/wxpay/qrcode2/16122010404238801544?name=lzz
request.get_host() # wificdn.com:8888
request.get_full_path() # u'/wxpay/qrcode2/16122010404238801544?name=lzz'

request.build_absolute_uri('/') # 'http://wificdn.com:8888/'
request.build_absolute_uri('/hello') # 'http://wificdn.com:8888/hello'
request.build_absolute_uri() # 'http://wificdn.com:8888/wxpay/qrcode2/16122010404238801544?name=lzz'

request.path # u'/wxpay/qrcode2/16122010404238801544'
request.scheme # 'http'

获取表单中选中的 checkbox 信息, 例如checkbox的name为 checks

var_list = request.POST.getlist('checks')

返回的是个list对象，如果没有��️返回 [] ,如果表单中没有这个key也返回 []

response

json格式的响应 1.8版本中已经提供了 JsonResponse, from django.http import JsonResponse 就可以使用了，低版本的django可以参照源码自己写一个，几行代码就行了。 response 中设置 cookies 和 header

def xxxxview(request):
....

resp = HttpResponseRedirect('/account/portal/?token=％s' ％ es)
resp.set_cookie("coofilter", es, max_age=300)
resp['Erya-Net-Type'] = NET_TYPE
resp['Erya-Auth-Host'] = AUTH_HOST
resp['Erya-Auth-Port'] = AUTH_PORT
resp['Erya-Auth-Uip'] = ip
resp['Erya-Auth-Token'] = es
return resp

session

how to use session, 主要是get和set，和删除

def post_comment(request, new_comment):
if request.session.get('has_commented', False):
return HttpResponse("You've already commented.")
c = comments.Comment(comment=new_comment)
c.save()
request.session['has_commented'] = True
return HttpResponse('Thanks for your comment!')

def logout(request):
try:
del request.session['member_id']
except KeyError:
pass
return HttpResponse("You're logged out.")

cookies

def login(request):
response = HttpResponseRedirect('/url/to_your_home_page')
response.set_cookie('cookie_name1', 'cookie_name1_value')
response.set_cookie('cookie_name2', 'cookie_name2_value')
return response

def logout(request):
response = HttpResponseRedirect('/url/to_your_login')
response.delete_cookie('cookie_name1')
response.delete_cookie('cookie_name2')
return response

# 获取
coo = request.COOKIES.get('coofilter')
# cookies 过期时间
hr.set_cookie('user_id', user_id, max_age=300)

来源：https://blog.csdn.net/orangleliu/article/details/75226747