基于Python实现成语填空游戏的示例代码

前言

成语填空想必大家都是十分熟悉的了，特别是有在上小学的家长肯定都有十分深刻的印象。

在我们的认知里看图猜成语不就是一些小儿科的东西吗？

当然了你也别小看了成语调控小游戏，有的时候知识储备不够，你还真的不一定猜得出来是什么？更重要的是有的时候给你这个提示你都看不懂，那你就拿他没办法。——小学语文必备

成语是小学语文非常重要的一个知识点，几乎是逢考必有，作为基础，自然是需要长期的积累，并且需要积累到一定的数量，有了一定的量才能够产生质变，对于语文成绩才能够有一个分数上的提高。

词汇是语文不变的重点，尤其是成语，在作文中适量运用，可以为作文增加不少情感色彩，丰富情感表达，使内容变得更有味道，更具味道，内涵。

但是对于成语的记忆却是很多同学语文学习中的痛难点，死记硬背效果太差，忙活一天就背了几个词，效率实在是低下。

然而小学正是养成一个良好学习习惯的阶段，所以要找到适合自己的学习方法，这款游戏不仅可以锻炼小孩子的思维能力，更能增加家人之间的娱乐呢！家里有小孩子的可以一起玩儿哦！

一、环境准备

1)运行环境

 本文用到的环境如下—— 

 Python3、Pycharm社区版，第三方模块：pygame等部分自带的库只 要安装完 Python就可以直接使用了

 一般安装：pip install +模块名

 镜像源安装：pip install -i pypi.douban.com/simple/+模块名…

 （之前有说过安装报错的几种方式跟解决方法，不会安装的可以去看下，还有很多国内镜像源 也有文章的）

2）素材图片等

二、代码展示

import sys
import random
import pygame
from pygame.locals import *
reload(sys)
sys.setdefaultencoding('utf-8')

f = open('words.txt')
all_idiom = f.readlines()
f.close()

word_dic = {}
for idiom in all_idiom:
idiom = idiom.strip().decode('utf-8')
for word in idiom:
if word not in word_dic:
word_dic[word] = [idiom]
else:
   word_dic[word].append(idiom)

word_arr = list(word_dic.keys())

header_height = 30
main_space = 20

block_size = 36
block_num=12
bspace = 2
space = 20
width = block_size * block_num + main_space * 2
height = header_height + block_size * block_num + main_space * 2 + (block_size+space) * 3

pygame.init()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((width,height))
screencaption = pygame.display.set_caption(u'成语填空')

font = pygame.font.Font(u'syht.otf', int(block_size*0.8))

dray_gray = 50,50,50
white = 255,255,255
#textImage = font.render(u'你好', True, white)

class IdiomInfo(object):
def __init__(self,idiom):
self.idiom = idiom
self.dire = 0
self.word_arr = []

class WordInfo(object):
def __init__(self, word, i, j):
self.i = i
self.j = j
self.word = word
self.is_lock = True
self.state = -1
self.hide_index = -1
self.op_hide_index = -1

class Matrix(object):
   rows = 0
   cols = 0
   data = []

def __init__(self, rows, cols, data=None):
       self.rows = rows
       self.cols = cols
       if data is None: data = [None for i in range(rows * cols)]
       self.data = data

def set_val(self, x, y, val):
       self.data[y * self.cols + x] = val

def get_val(self, x, y):
       return self.data[y * self.cols + x]

def exist_val_four_around(self, x, y, ignore_set):
   move_arr = [(-1,0),(1,0),(0,-1),(0,1)]

for dx,dy in move_arr:
   tx = x + dx
   ty = y + dy
   if (tx,ty) in ignore_set: continue
   if tx < 0 or tx >= self.cols or ty <0 or ty >= self.rows: continue
   if self.data[ty * self.cols + tx]: return True
   return False

def check_new_idiom(matrix, new_idiom, new_dire, word_info):
windex = new_idiom.index(word_info.word)
cx,cy = word_info.i, word_info.j
ignore_set = set([(cx,cy)])

new_idiom_word_arr=[]
for i in range(-windex,-windex+len(new_idiom)):
if i==0:
new_idiom_word_arr.append(word_info)
else:
tx = cx+i  if new_dire == 0 else  cx
if tx < 0 or tx >= block_num: return None,None

ty = cy if new_dire == 0 else cy+i
if ty < 0 or ty >= block_num: return None,None

if matrix.exist_val_four_around(tx, ty, ignore_set): return None,None

old_word_info = matrix.get_val(tx, ty)
if old_word_info:
return None,None

new_word_info = WordInfo(new_idiom[i+windex], tx, ty)
new_idiom_word_arr.append(new_word_info)

return new_idiom_word_arr,windex

def add_idiom_to_matrix(matrix, word_dic, idiom_dic, idiom_num):
if idiom_num == 0: return 0
for idiom,idiom_info in idiom_dic.items():
dire = idiom_info.dire
new_dire = 1 - dire
for word_info in idiom_info.word_arr:
word = word_info.word
idiom_list = word_dic[word]
for new_idiom in idiom_list:
if new_idiom in idiom_dic: continue
new_idiom_word_arr,windex = check_new_idiom(matrix, new_idiom, new_dire, word_info)
if new_idiom_word_arr:
new_idiom_info = IdiomInfo(new_idiom)
new_idiom_info.dire = new_dire
for new_index in range(len(new_idiom_word_arr)):
new_word_info = new_idiom_word_arr[new_index]
if new_index == windex:
new_idiom_info.word_arr.append(word_info)
else:
matrix.set_val(new_word_info.i, new_word_info.j , new_word_info)
new_idiom_info.word_arr.append(new_word_info)
idiom_dic[new_idiom] = new_idiom_info

return len(new_idiom) -1 + add_idiom_to_matrix(matrix, word_dic, idiom_dic, idiom_num - 1)

return 0

def get_idiom_matrix(word_arr, word_dic, idiom_num):
cx = 4
cy = 4
matrix = Matrix(block_num, block_num)
n = random.randint(0,len(word_arr)-1)
word = word_arr[n]
idiom = word_dic[word][0]
idiom_dic={}
idiom_dic[idiom] = IdiomInfo(idiom)
wn = len(idiom)
last_i = -100
for i in range(len(idiom)):
word_info = WordInfo(idiom[i],cx-1+i,cy)
matrix.set_val(cx-1+i,cy,word_info)
idiom_dic[idiom].word_arr.append(word_info)

wn += add_idiom_to_matrix(matrix, word_dic, idiom_dic, idiom_num-1)
return matrix, idiom_dic, wn

bg_image = pygame.image.load('bg.jpeg')
bg_image = pygame.transform.scale(bg_image,(width, height))

bg2_image = pygame.image.load('bg2.jpeg')
bg2_image = pygame.transform.scale(bg2_image,(block_size*block_num,block_size*block_num))

block_bg_image = pygame.image.load('tzg.jpg')
block_bg_image = pygame.transform.scale(block_bg_image,(block_size-bspace*2,block_size-bspace*2))

def get_hide_arr(matrix, idiom_dic, all_word_num, percent):
hide_arr = []
for k,v in idiom_dic.items():
n = random.randint(0, len(v.word_arr)-1)
word_info = v.word_arr[n]
if word_info.hide_index != -1:continue
word = word_info.word
info = matrix.get_val(word_info.i,word_info.j)
info.word = ''
info.hide_index = len(hide_arr)
info.is_lock = False
hide_arr.append([word_info.i,word_info.j,word,None])

tmp_arr = []
for i in range(block_num):
for j in range(block_num):
info = matrix.get_val(i,j)
if info and info.word:
tmp_arr.append((i,j,info.word))

while len(hide_arr) < all_word_num*percent:
n = random.randint(0,len(tmp_arr)-1)
i,j,word = tmp_arr.pop(n)
info = matrix.get_val(i,j)
info.word = ''
info.hide_index = len(hide_arr)
info.is_lock = False
hide_arr.append([i,j,word,None])

return hide_arr  

def get_next_select(matrix, x, y):
arr = []
for i in range(block_num):
for j in range(block_num):
info = matrix.get_val(i, j)
if info is not None and len(info.word) == 0:
dist = (i-x)*(i-x)+(j-y)*(j-y)
if i<x: dist+=0.2
if j<y: dist+=0.4
arr.append((i,j,dist))
if len(arr) == 0:
return None
arr.sort(cmp=lambda x,y:cmp(x[-1],y[-1]))
return (arr[0][0],arr[0][1])

def check_idiom():
for idiom, idiom_info in idiom_dic.items():
tmp_idiom_str = ''
word_arr = idiom_info.word_arr
for word_info in word_arr:
word = word_info.word
if len(word) > 0:
tmp_idiom_str+=word
if len(tmp_idiom_str) == len(idiom):
state = 1 if tmp_idiom_str == idiom else 2
else:
state = 0

for word_info in word_arr:
if word_info.state != 1: word_info.state = state

for idiom, idiom_info in idiom_dic.items():
word_arr = idiom_info.word_arr
for word_info in word_arr:
if word_info.state != 1:
return False
return True

stage = 1

def init(new_stage):
idiom_num = (new_stage/5)+3
if new_stage>100:
percent = 0.7
else:
percent = 0.2+(new_stage*1.0/100)*(0.7-0.2)
matrix,idiom_dic,all_word_num = get_idiom_matrix(word_arr, word_dic, idiom_num)
hide_arr = get_hide_arr(matrix, idiom_dic, all_word_num, percent)
select_rect = hide_arr[0][0],hide_arr[0][1]
stage_textImage = pygame.font.Font(u'syht.otf', 30).render(u'第％s关'％new_stage, True, dray_gray)
return matrix,idiom_dic,all_word_num,hide_arr,select_rect,stage_textImage

matrix,idiom_dic,all_word_num,hide_arr,select_rect,stage_textImage = init(stage)

stage_font_width, stage_font_height = stage_textImage.get_size()
stage_x = (width - stage_font_width)/2
stage_y = (header_height - stage_font_height)/2+main_space/2
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
  pygame.quit()
  exit()

if event.type == MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
pressed_array = pygame.mouse.get_pressed()
if pressed_array[0]:
x, y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()

for i in range(block_num):
for j in range(block_num):
bx = main_space + block_size*i+bspace
by = header_height + main_space + block_size*j+bspace
if x >= bx and x <= bx+block_size-bspace*2 and y >= by and y<= by+block_size-bspace*2:
info = matrix.get_val(i, j)
if info and info.state != 1 and info.hide_index >= 0:
if info.op_hide_index>=0:
hide_arr[info.op_hide_index][-1] = None
info.word = ''
info.op_hide_index=-1
check_idiom()
select_rect = i,j
break

sx = main_space
sy = header_height + main_space+ block_size*block_num +space
n = 0
for hi in range(len(hide_arr)):
tmp_x = sx + (n％block_num)*block_size
tmp_y = sy + (n/block_num)*block_size
if hide_arr[hi][-1] is None and x >= tmp_x and x <= tmp_x+block_size-bspace*2 and y >= tmp_y and y<= tmp_y+block_size-bspace*2:
info = matrix.get_val(select_rect[0],select_rect[1])
info.word = hide_arr[hi][2]
info.op_hide_index = hi
info.state = 0
hide_arr[hi][-1] = select_rect
new_select_rect = get_next_select(matrix, select_rect[0],select_rect[1])
select_rect = new_select_rect
flag = check_idiom()
if flag:
stage += 1
matrix,idiom_dic,all_word_num,hide_arr,select_rect,stage_textImage = init(stage)
break

n += 1

screen.blit(bg_image, (0,0))
screen.blit(stage_textImage, (stage_x,stage_y))

panel = screen.subsurface((main_space,header_height+main_space,block_size*block_num,block_size*block_num))
panel.blit(bg2_image, (0,0))

for i in range(block_num):
for j in range(block_num):
info = matrix.get_val(i,j)
if info is not None:
bx = block_size*i+bspace
by = block_size*j+bspace
panel.blit(block_bg_image, (bx,by))

if info.state == 1:
textImage = font.render(info.word, True, (30,144,30))
elif info.state == 2:
textImage = font.render(info.word, True, (255,0,0))
elif info.is_lock == 1:
textImage = font.render(info.word, True, (150,150,150))
else:
textImage = font.render(info.word, True, dray_gray)

tw, th = textImage.get_size()
dx=(block_size-bspace*2-tw)/2
dy=(block_size-bspace*2-th)/2
panel.blit(textImage, (bx+dx,by+dy))
if (i,j) == select_rect:
pygame.draw.rect(panel,(255,0,0),(bx,by,block_size-bspace*2,block_size-bspace*2),2)

sx = main_space
sy = header_height + main_space+ block_size*block_num +space
n = 0
for i,j,word,op in hide_arr:
screen.blit(block_bg_image, (sx + (n％block_num)*block_size,sy + (n/block_num)*block_size))
if op is None:
textImage = font.render(word, True, dray_gray)
tw, th = textImage.get_size()
dx=(block_size-bspace*2-tw)/2
dy=(block_size-bspace*2-th)/2
screen.blit(textImage, (dx+sx+ (n％block_num)*block_size,dy+sy+ (n/block_num)*block_size))
n+=1

pygame.display.update()

三、效果展示

1）成语填空第2关

2）成语填空第56关

来源：https://juejin.cn/post/7200591001904431162