带参数的游标
与存储过程和函数相似，可以将参数传递给游标并在查询中使用。这对于处理在某种条件下打开游标的情况非常有用。它的语法如下：
CURSOR cursor_name[(parameter[,parameter],...)] IS select_statement;
定义参数的语法如下：
Parameter_name [IN] data_type[{:=|DEFAULT} value]
与存储过程不同的是，游标只能接受传递的值，而不能返回值。参数只定义数据类型，没有大小。
另外可以给参数设定一个缺省值，当没有参数值传递给游标时，就使用缺省值。游标中定义的参数只是一个占位符，在别处引用该参数不一定可靠。
在打开游标时给参数赋值，语法如下：
OPEN cursor_name[value[,value]....];
参数值可以是文字或变量。
例：
DECALRE
CURSOR c_dept IS SELECT * FROM dept ORDER BY deptno;
CURSOR c_emp (p_dept VARACHAR2) IS
SELECT ename,salary
FROM emp
WHERE deptno=p_dept
ORDER BY ename
r_dept DEPT%ROWTYPE;
v_ename EMP.ENAME%TYPE;
v_salary EMP.SALARY%TYPE;
v_tot_salary EMP.SALARY%TYPE;
BEGIN
OPEN c_dept;
LOOP
FETCH c_dept INTO r_dept;
EXIT WHEN c_dept%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Department:'|| r_dept.deptno||'-'||r_dept.dname);
v_tot_salary:=0;
OPEN c_emp(r_dept.deptno);
LOOP
FETCH c_emp INTO v_ename,v_salary;
EXIT WHEN c_emp%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Name:'|| v_ename||' salary:'||v_salary);
v_tot_salary:=v_tot_salary+v_salary;
END LOOP;
CLOSE c_emp;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Toltal Salary for dept:'|| v_tot_salary);
END LOOP;
CLOSE c_dept;
END;
CURSOR c_dept IS SELECT * FROM dept ORDER BY deptno;
CURSOR c_emp (p_dept VARACHAR2) IS
SELECT ename,salary
FROM emp
WHERE deptno=p_dept
ORDER BY ename
r_dept DEPT%ROWTYPE;
v_ename EMP.ENAME%TYPE;
v_salary EMP.SALARY%TYPE;
v_tot_salary EMP.SALARY%TYPE;
BEGIN
OPEN c_dept;
LOOP
FETCH c_dept INTO r_dept;
EXIT WHEN c_dept%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Department:'|| r_dept.deptno||'-'||r_dept.dname);
v_tot_salary:=0;
OPEN c_emp(r_dept.deptno);
LOOP
FETCH c_emp INTO v_ename,v_salary;
EXIT WHEN c_emp%NOTFOUND;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Name:'|| v_ename||' salary:'||v_salary);
v_tot_salary:=v_tot_salary+v_salary;
END LOOP;
CLOSE c_emp;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Toltal Salary for dept:'|| v_tot_salary);
END LOOP;
CLOSE c_dept;
END;
游标FOR循环
在大多数时候我们在设计程序的时候都遵循下面的步骤：
1、打开游标
2、开始循环
3、从游标中取值
4、检查那一行被返回
5、处理
6、关闭循环
7、关闭游标
用于FOR循环的游标按照正常的声明方式声明，它的优点在于不需要显式的打开、关闭、取数据，测试数据的存在、定义存放数据的变量等等。游标FOR 循环的语法如下：
FOR record_name IN
(corsor_name[(parameter[,parameter]...)]
| (query_difinition)
LOOP
statements
END LOOP;
(corsor_name[(parameter[,parameter]...)]
| (query_difinition)
LOOP
statements
END LOOP;
下面我们用for循环重写上面的例子：
DECALRE
CURSOR c_dept IS SELECT deptno,dname FROM dept ORDER BY deptno;
CURSOR c_emp (p_dept VARACHAR2) IS
SELECT ename,salary
FROM emp
WHERE deptno=p_dept
ORDER BY ename
v_tot_salary EMP.SALARY%TYPE;
BEGIN
FOR r_dept IN c_dept LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Department:'|| r_dept.deptno||'-'||r_dept.dname);
v_tot_salary:=0;
FOR r_emp IN c_emp(r_dept.deptno) LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Name:'|| v_ename||' salary:'||v_salary);
v_tot_salary:=v_tot_salary+v_salary;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Toltal Salary for dept:'|| v_tot_salary);
END LOOP;
END;
CURSOR c_dept IS SELECT deptno,dname FROM dept ORDER BY deptno;
CURSOR c_emp (p_dept VARACHAR2) IS
SELECT ename,salary
FROM emp
WHERE deptno=p_dept
ORDER BY ename
v_tot_salary EMP.SALARY%TYPE;
BEGIN
FOR r_dept IN c_dept LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Department:'|| r_dept.deptno||'-'||r_dept.dname);
v_tot_salary:=0;
FOR r_emp IN c_emp(r_dept.deptno) LOOP
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Name:'|| v_ename||' salary:'||v_salary);
v_tot_salary:=v_tot_salary+v_salary;
END LOOP;
DBMS_OUTPUT.PUT_LINE('Toltal Salary for dept:'|| v_tot_salary);
END LOOP;
END;
站长工具
相关文章
请稍等，评论加载中...